Nazi 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Intro
A
- reword question
- WW1 - lost to Allies
- affected economy - ToV signed
- governed by Kaiser Willhelm II
- not a democracy pre-war
- Nazis didn’t exist pre-war
- factors
- LOA
2
Q
Treaty of Versailles
A
- introduce factor
- German - no say - Diktat
- German military = no army, tanks, submarines, air force, army > 10000
- reparations = £6.56bil + all colonies = lost
+ Nazis promised to end ToV - major part of campaign
+ November Criminals
_ Weimar politicians = no choice but to sign
_ most of ToV renegotiated by time of Nazi popularity
E. ToV only signed 90 mins before deadline
3
Q
Mistakes & Weaknesses of Weimar
A
- introduce factor
- gov moved to Weimar - led by SDP - Ebert
- Spartacist revolution (Jan 1919) - Ebert & Friekorps
- Kiel Mutiny & Kapp Putsch
+ Nazis = strong, potential gov - appeal to ppl
+ extremists = anti-democracy
+ proportional representation - allow RW extremists to get seats
_ could be seen as extremist revolutionaries - violent
_ amount of trouble - difficult to stand out
_ end of 1928/9 = quite stable - little Nazi growth
E. farmers made up 33% of pop + didn’t benefit from Ebert’s reforms
4
Q
Economic Difficulties
A
- introduce factor
- 1923 - hyperinflation - printing money
- paid first 2 reparations -> broke
- French invaded Ruhr region - passive resistance - gov paid workers
+ Hitler = advertised last hope - save ppl from economic distress
+ 1923 - living memory - link to ToV - promise to get rid
+ 1929 - increased instability - unemployment - extremists = popular
_ couldn’t have solved problems 1929 onwards
_ popularity dipping by end of 1932
E. 150,000 ppl evicted from homes in Ruhr region
5
Q
Weaknesses & Mistakes of Opponents
A
- introduce factor
- 1932 - Hindenburg = Article 48
- elections - Hitler rejected as Chancellor
- Bruning = Chancellor - cuts -> Hunger Chancellor
- Von Papen > Hitler = Chancellor
+ too much A48 - allowed manipulation of Hindenburg
+ Von Papen underestimated Hitler’s political skill
+ Bruning management of economy
_ many economists argue Bruning = no choice
E. Nazi party = 40% overall vote in Germany
6
Q
Hitler & Appeal of Nazis
A
- introduce factor
- military organisation/dress - soldier = awarded for bravery
- connection to Gen Ludendorff
- Hitler over Germany = celebrity
- created groups - Hitler Youth
+ looked like Nazis cared for Germany - promises to groups
+ strong leader - democracy looked weak
_ W/C tended to support Communists
_ <50% of vote for other parties
_ promises contradicted each other
E. Nazi party only achieved a 37.3% majority vote in 1932
7
Q
Mnemonic
A
W.O.V.E.N
Weimar
Opponents
Versailles
Economic
Nazis
