Unidad 2 Flashcards

1
Q

ADN bacteriano cromosomal

A

ADN de doble cadena
circular
cerrado
superenrrollado
haploide

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2
Q

ADN plasmidos

A

ADN doble cadena
cerrado
circular
replicacion independiente

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3
Q

ADN de bacteriofago

A

ADN o ARN
inyecta material genetico a la celula

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4
Q

Genoma

A

Conjunto de material genético en un organismo

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5
Q

gen

A

Segmento de ADN que contienen información
necesaria para la síntesis de un producto
biológico funcional (Proteína o ARN)

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6
Q

operones

A

Los genes bacterianos a menudo se agrupan
en operones (islas de patogenicidad ) que
comparten funciones o coordinan su control

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7
Q

tiempo tomado de replicación del ADN procariota

A

40 min

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8
Q

tiempo tomado de replicación del ADN eucariota

A

400 hrs o mas

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9
Q

ARNm de las procariotas

A

policistronico

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10
Q

ARNm de las eucariotas

A

monocistronico

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11
Q

sistema inducible

A

inductor
sustrato q provoca la sintesis de los genes estructurales

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12
Q

sistemas represibles o reprimibles

A

correpresor
molecula que impide la expresion el operon

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13
Q

mutacion

A

cambio en la secuencia de bases

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14
Q

transicion

A

pirimidina x otra pirimidina o pur x pur

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15
Q

transversion

A

pirimidina x purina o visceversa

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16
Q

mutacion silenciosa

A

no cambia el aa

17
Q

reparacion directa

A

eliminan el daño inmediatamente despues de ser producidos

18
Q

respuesta SOS

A

produccion de muchos genes despues del daño del ADN o interrupcion de la replicacion de ADN

19
Q

reparacion recombina

A

reemplazo de una seccion de ADN faltante o dañada

20
Q

reparacion propensa a errores

A

produccion aleatoria cuando no se dispone de la plantilla de ADN