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unequal struggle Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did the Persian ships turn towards Athens after the defeat at Marathon?

A

The defeat at Marathon marked the end of the first Persian invasion of Greece, and the Persian force retreated to Asia.

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2
Q

Who succeeded Darius as King of Kings of Persia?

A

Xerxes

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3
Q

What were Darius’s highest officials called?

A

satrap

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4
Q

What is the Marathon Run?

A

ancient Greek messenger who raced from the site of Marathon to Athens, a distance of about 40 kilometers, or nearly 25 miles, with the news of an important Greek victory over an invading army of Persians in 490 B.C. After making his announcement

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5
Q

What did Darius build to carry his orders to the furthest parts of his kingdom?

A

Royal Road

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6
Q

How many Spartans and their allies were killed in the battle at Thermopylae?

A

300 Spartans

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7
Q

How did the Athenians manage to defeat the Persians despite being vastly outnumbered?

A

Their strategy involved holding a line only a few dozen yards long between a steep hillside and the sea.

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8
Q

Who led the Athenians to victory at the Battle of Marathon

A

Miltiades the Younger

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9
Q

Who was the ruler of the Persians who led his band of horsemen to conquer Babylon?

A

Cyrus II

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10
Q

Darius was a great king who governed the vast Persian empire in such a way that nothing happened anywhere that he himself had not decreed. His highest officials … were spied on by informers known as

A

satraps

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11
Q

What ultimately can be said that made the Athenians succeed over the Persians?

A

The Greeks crushed the weaker Persian foot soldiers by routing the wings before turning towards the centre of the Persian line

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12
Q

Why did the Persian king want to destroy Athens and conquer Greece?

A

The Persian king Darius the Great vowed to have revenge on Athens and Eretria

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13
Q

Why did Themistocles warn his fellow citizens that Athens needed a fleet?

A

a Greek navy that could hope to face up to the Persian navy, and he therefore attempted to persuade the Athenians to build such a fleet.

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14
Q

Which pass did the Spartans try to block the Persian advance in?

A

pass of Thermopylae

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15
Q

How did the Persian king react to the rebellion of the Ionian Greeks?

A

Darius vowed to punish Athens and Eretria for their support of the revolt.

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16
Q

What did the Spartans reply when the Persians ordered them to throw down their weapons and threatened them with their arrows at Thermopylae?

A

“come and take them

17
Q

Why did the Athenians support the Ionian Greeks in their rebellion against the Persian king?

A

Athens was a powerful city-state with a large navy. He met with the Athenian leaders and convinced him to support the Ionian Revolt.

18
Q

Where did the Athenians evacuate to when Themistocles had them evacuated?

A

Themistocles had persuaded the Athenians to evacuate women and children to the Peloponnese and, in the last resort, to retire to Salamis.

19
Q

How did Xerxes respond to the destruction of the bridge made of boats?

A

He punished the engineers of the failed bridge by beheading them

20
Q

What was the reason for the rebellion of the Greek colonies against the Persian king?

A

dissatisfaction of the Greek cities of Asia Minor with the tyrants appointed by Persia to rule them

21
Q

Who were the mountain people who lived north of Mesopotamia and worshipped light and the sun?

A

Persian

22
Q

What was the first act of Cyrus after he became lord of Babylon?

A

Jewish exiles to return to their homes

23
Q

What was the significance of the Persian conquest of Egypt?

A

it was the largest empire in the world.

24
Q

What was Themistocles’ plan to ensure victory against Xerxes’ fleet?

A

promising to defect once battle was joined and attack the other Greeks with the whole Athenian fleet.

25
Q

But cyrus son, __________ succeeded him after he died on his way to conquer Egypt.

A

cambyses

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