Understanding Vaccines

Question 1

The 1st inoculation was created in __ by ___

Answer 1

1790; Dr. Edward Jenner

Question 2

differentiates self from non-self; neutralizes potentially pathogenic organisms or substances

Answer 2

antibodies

Question 3

create antibodies against invading pathogen

Answer 3

memory cells

Question 4

when they become aware of the infected cells’ specific characteristics, they mount an attack; destroy virus or release a protein the seeks out infected host cells

Answer 4

T-cells

Question 5

How vaccines work? (3 steps)

Answer 5

1. use a safe version of disease causing organism/protein
2. creates an immune response
3. must contain actual antigen to stimulate antibody production w/o causing symptoms

Question 6

virus that has no chance of becoming virulent but weak; example?

Answer 6

Killed virus; Rabies

Question 7

Virus has been modified from original state but is living; milder & less virulent

Answer 7

modified live virus

Question 8

4 types of viruses

Answer 8

Killed, modified live, live vectored, subunit

Question 9

boost the immune response and expose body to foreign protein for as long as possible

Answer 9

adjuvant

Question 10

contain strands of DNA coding from the genes of selected organism; West Nile virus

Answer 10

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Vaccine

Question 11

AAHA stands for?

Answer 11

American Animal Hospital Association

Question 12

What are the core vaccines for dogs vs cats?

Answer 12

dog: rabies, distemper
cat: rabies, FVRCP (distemper)

Question 13

What is Rabies?

Answer 13

a fatal virus that effects the gray matter of the brain and its central nervous system; can be transmitted to humans; required by state law for both dogs and cats

Question 14

What is FVRCP?

Answer 14

Distemper for felines; protects against feline viral rhinotracheitis (herpes virus), calicivirus (URI, painful ulcers in oral cavity), and panleukopenia (feline distemper caused by parvo virus)

Question 15

What is FeLV?

Answer 15

Feline leukemia; potentially fatal virus that suppresses the immune system; can be passed from cat to cat through saliva and blood

Question 16

What is distemper in canines?

Answer 16

vaccine that protects against distemper (spread through secretions), adenovirus (attacks liver/kidneys), parainfluenza (attacks respiratory system, highly contagious, common symptom is kennel cough), and parvovirus (catch from ingesting infected feces, causes vomiting and profuse diarrhea)

Question 17

What is CIV?

Answer 17

Canine influenza; the canine influenza virus can cause serious/fatal respiratory disease; highly contagious; often required by boarding and grooming facilities

Question 18

Bordetella vaccine

Answer 18

common cause of “kennel cough” that is potentially difficult to treat; vaccine can be given via injection, intranasal drop or orally

Question 19

Leptospirosis vaccine

Answer 19

a potentially fatal bacterial infection acquired from being exposed to wildlife that reproduces in kidneys and liver ; can spread to humans; passed through the urine of infected animals and commonly found in standing water, creeks, soggy land, and ponds

Question 20

Heartworm disease (in dogs)

Answer 20

passed to dogs from infected mosquitoes; heartworm test is required annually to refill heartworm preventatives

Question 21

What preventative is provided for cats at Pet Wellness and what does it protect against?

Answer 21

Revolution Plus; lasts 12 months; protects against flea, tick, and heartworm

Question 22

What preventatives are provided for dogs at Pet Wellness, and what do they protect?

Answer 22

Simparica: 6mo worth; flea and tick
Simparica Trio: 6mo worth; flea, tick, and heartworm
Pro-heart injection: protects against heartworm, must wait at least a year due to weight restriction; not recommended for puppies/kittens

Question 23

Lyme vaccination

Answer 23

Lyme disease is a tick-transmitted disease that causes inflammation of the joints, as well as damage to the kidney, heart and nervous system

Question 24

What does AAFP stand for?

Answer 24

American Association of Feline Practitioners

Question 25

FIP vaccine

Answer 25

Feline Infectious Peritonitis; not recommended vaccine; caused by coronavirus where %35-75 of cats will be infected; causes fluid buildup in abdominal cavity, weight loss and fever