Understanding Drug Products Flashcards
A ______________ is a drug or chemical substance that alters body function in a desired way.
Pharmacodyanic
A ________ agent is a substance that helps healthcare providers diagnose a medical condition.
Diagnostic
This medication is made using natural substances.
Homeopathic Drugs
Over the counter (OTC) Drugs can…
Be sold without a prescription.
___________ drugs are legally dispensed to a patient by a healthcare provider.
Prescription
Vitamins, Minerals, Herbs, Protein, Energy and Nutritional drinks are examples of…
Dietary Supplements
_________ Drugs are an imitation of a naturally occurring substance.
Synthesized
Examples include Ephedrine and Asprin.
What is the active ingredient in Tylenol.
Acetaminophen
Therapeutic Agents target a specific need in the body and are categorized in 4 functions that are..
Maintain Health
Relieve Symptoms
Combat Illness
Reverse Disease Processes
What is a destructive agent?
Works to kill specific living elements like bacteria, fungi, viruses, or abnormal cancer cells.
What are bactericidal agents?
Bactericidal agents are antibiotics that kill bacteria rather than inhibit their growth.
Give an example of a bactericidal drug.
Penicillin.
What is radioactive iodine used for?
To destroy thyroid cells to reduce excess hormone secreted by the thyroid gland.
What are traditional cancer drugs known for?
They kill both cancer and normal cells.
How do newer cancer therapies differ from traditional ones?
Newer therapies are more selective.
What is the purpose of using different antineoplastic drugs in combination?
To slow the growth of cancer cells at different phases of their cell growth cycles.
What is a common side effect of traditional cancer treatments?
Hair loss, depression of the immune system, and ulcerations of the mouth or gastrointestinal tract.
True or False: Most antineoplastic drugs can effectively distinguish between cancer cells and normal cells.
False.
What is a prophylactic agent?
A prophylactic agent prevents illness or disease from occurring.
Give examples of prophylactic agents.
Examples include:
* Antiseptic and germicidal liquids for hand washing
* Vaccines
What diseases can vaccines prevent?
Vaccines can prevent:
* Influenza
* Pneumonia
* Shingles
* Tetanus
* Measles
* Mumps
* Rubella
* Chicken pox
* Poliomyelitis
* Meningitis
* Hepatitis
Which populations are pharmacists administering vaccines to?
Pharmacists are administering vaccines to older adults and other high-risk individuals.
In what situations can antibiotics act as prophylactic agents?
Antibiotics can act as prophylactic agents in situations such as:
* Patients with a history of rheumatic fever before dental procedures
* Hunters in areas infested with deer ticks
Fill in the blank: A patient with a history of rheumatic fever may be given a large single dose of an antibiotic ______ prior to a dental procedure.
one hour
True or False: Vaccines can only prevent infectious diseases.
True
What is the purpose of administering antibiotics as prophylactic agents?
To decrease the patient’s risk for acquiring a serious bacterial infection.
What is a synthetic drug?
A drug created in the laboratory from a series of chemical reactions to produce a specific pharmacological effect.
Example: Phenobarbital, prescribed for seizure, nerve, or headache disorders.
Give an example of a synthesized drug.
Ephedrine and aspirin.
Ephedrine mimics the pharmacological action of the Chinese herb ma huang, while aspirin is derived from the white willow tree.
What are semisynthetic drugs?
Natural substances combined with laboratory substances
Example: Amoxicillin is a modification of penicillin.
What is the primary purpose of semisynthetic drugs?
To improve efficacy, reduce side effects, overcome medicinal obstacles, or broaden the scope of uses.
Many antibiotics, like amoxicillin, fall into this category.
What are biogenetically engineered drugs?
Drugs derived from the use of biotechnology to produce unique drugs with specific therapeutic effects.
Example: Humulin for diabetes management.
What is the therapeutic effect of Humulin?
To manage diabetes by mimicking insulin.
Humulin is a biogenetically engineered drug.
What is the active ingredient in EpiPens?
Epinephrine hydrochloride.
EpiPens are used to respond to severe allergic reactions.
True or False: EpiPens are often dispensed in packages of three.
False.
EpiPens are dispensed in packages of two.
What is the primary use of EpiPens?
To mimic the actions of the hormone adrenaline for severe allergic reactions.
EpiPens are lifesaving injectable synthesized drugs.
