understanding design, sampling, and randomisation in quantitative research Flashcards
what is the basic design of a randomised controlled trial?
study participants, intervention group, control group
what is an attention arm?
similar to an intervention minus an active ingredient
what is measured?
outcomes of interest
what is a hypothesis?
predictions about what they expect the intervention to achieve
what is the null hypothesis?
there will be no different between the control and intervention arm, this has to be disproved
what is the population within the trial?
the target group that we are interested in, must be clearly defined
what must the sample be?
representative of the whole population
what are the four types of probability sampling?
simple random, stratified random, cluster and systematic random
what is simple random sampling?
random selection of everyone in population list
what is stratified random sampling?
put into groups according to characteristics and then randomly selected?
what is cluster sampling?
random selection of lager groups which participants are then selected from
what is systematic sampling?
random selection at pre determined intervals
what are 4 factors affecting sample size?
population, design, measurements, practical
what are 3 random allocations to trial groups called?
simple, block and stratified
what is simple randomisation?
random number tables (like tossing a coin)
