Understanding Culture Society and Politics Flashcards
The beliefs and behaviours
that a social group shares.
culture
consists of the
ideas, attitudes, and
beliefs of a society
Nonmaterial culture
It refers to any
information received
and perceived to be
true
Knowledge
refers to the objects or belongings of a group of people. Metro passes and bus tokens are part of material culture, as are automobiles, stores, and the physical structures where people worship.
Material culture
The perception of accepted reality. Reality refers to the existence of things whether material or nonmaterial
BELIEFS
These are established expectations of society as to how a person is supposed to act depending on the requirements of the time, place, or situation
Social Norms
The patterns of repetitive behavior which becomes habitual and conventional part of living
Folkways
The set of ethical standards and moral obligations as dictates of reason that distinguishes human acts as right or wrong or good from bad.
Mores
Anything held to be relatively worthy, important, desirable, or valuable
Values
The practical application of knowledge in converting raw materials into finished products
Technology
Patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies
Cultural universals
Refers to the differences in social
behaviors that different culture
exhibit around the world.
Cultural Variation
It is a perception that arises from the fact that cultures, differ and each culture defines reality differently. Judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one’s own culture.
Ethnocentrism
not judging a culture
cultural relativism
refers to preference for the foreign. In this sense it the opposite of ethnocentrism. It is characterized by a strong belief that one’s own products, styles, or ideas are inferior to those which originate elsewhere
XENOCENTRISM
is the fear of what is perceived as
foreign or strange
Xenophobia
is complex whole which encompasses, beliefs,
practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbol
knowledge and every that a person learns and shares as a
member of society
Culture
is a term used by anthropologusts to refer to a
group of people who share a culture or belief.
Society
first used by Frenchman
Auguste Comte in the 1830s when he proposed a
synthetic science uniting all knowledge about human
activity
Sociology
The activity though which people make, preserve, and
amend the general rule under which they live. (Andrew
Heywood, 2007)
Politics
Derived from the Latin word “socius” (friend/companion)
and the Greek word “logos” (study)
Sociology
SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF THE ORIGIN, THE BEHAVIOR,
AND THE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, CULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANS
Anthropology
-or Biological Anthropology
-studies the biological evolution of
man
-studies human as biological
organism including their evolution
and contemporary variation
Physical
Anthropology
investigates and seeks to understand
the cultural features of societies.
-study art, religion, migration, marriage,
and family
Cultural anthropology
