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Mining Engineering 1 > Underground Mining > Flashcards

Underground Mining Flashcards

1
Q

These methods are used to extract mineral deposits that are roughly tabular (could also be flat or steeply dipping) and are associated with strong ore and surrounding rock.

A

Unsupported Methods

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2
Q

It is used primarily for flat-lying seams or bedded deposits where the support of the roof is provided by natural pillars of the mineral where it is left standing in a systematic (checkerboard) pattern.

A

Room-and-Pillar Mining

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3
Q

It is similar to room-and-pillar but used in non-coal deposits that are thicker and ore irregular. The pillars are spaced randomly and located in low-grade ore so that the high grade can be extracted.

A

Stope-and-Pillar Mining

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4
Q

It is where mining progresses upward with horizontal slices of ore are being blasted along the length of the slope.

A

Shrinkage Stoping

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5
Q

This provides sublevels from which vertical slices are blasted. The stope is mined horizontally from one end to the other.

A

Sublevel Stoping

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6
Q

This group of methods is used used in weak wall rock structure.

A

Supported Methods

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7
Q

It is used in steeply dipping deposits which is performed both overhand and underhand directions. As each horizontal slice is taken, the voids are filled with a variety of fill types to support the walls.

A

Cut-and-Fill Stoping

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8
Q

It involves backfilling mine voids but rely on timber sets as support. The usage of this method is in decline due to its high relative cost and labor.

A

Square-set Stoping

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9
Q

It is one of the methods that can be applied to steeply dipping ore bodies and uses artificial pillars of waste with timber or rock bolts to support the roof.

A

Stull Stoping

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10
Q

These methods allows the caving of the ore and/or overlying rock where subsidence normally occurs afterward.

A

Caving Methods

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11
Q

It is well adapted to horizontal seams such as coal. In this method, a face of considerable length is maintained and as mining progresses, the overlying strata are caved thus promoting breakage of coal itself.

A

Longwall Mining

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12
Q

It is employed in dipping tabular or massive deposit. As mining progresses downward, each new level is caved into the mine openings with the ore being recovered while the rock remains behind.

A

Sublevel Caving

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13
Q

A large-scale, highly productive, and low in cost which is used in massive deposits that are weak-moderately strong ore that readily break up when caved.

A

Block Caving

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14
Q

Unlike surface mining methods, underground methods are far more concerned on:

A

(1) Ore Deposit Strength
(2) Wall Rock Qualities
(3) Groundwater
(4) Mine Ventilation as an addition to challenges in the development stage.

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15
Q

The roof, top, or overlying surface of an underground excavation

A

Roof/ Back

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16
Q

The floor or underlying surface of an underground excavation

A

Bottom/ Floor

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17
Q

It refers to the waste material overlying the mineral deposit.

A

Capping

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18
Q

The broken, caved, and mined-out portion of the deposit

A

Gob

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19
Q

The unmined portions of the deposit to provide support to the roof/ hanging wall.

A

Pillar

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20
Q

A type of pillar designed to withstand major loads

A

Barrier Pillar

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21
Q

A portion of the deposit overlying an excavation and left in place as a pillar

A

Crown Pillar

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22
Q

The side wall of an excavation

A

Rib/ Rib Pillar

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23
Q

A portion of the deposit underlying an excavation and left in place as a pillar

A

Sill Pillar

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24
Q

It is designed to wield but not fail under loads.

A

Yield Pillar

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25
Q

A main horizontal or near-horizontal underground opening with single access to the surface.

A

Adit

26
Q

A primary or secondary horizontal or near-horizontal opening; oriented parallel to the strike of a pitching deposit.

A

Drift

27
Q

An opening or connection to the surface from an underground excavation.

A

Portal

28
Q

A primary vertical or near-vertical opening, connecting the surface with underground workings.

A

(Vertical) Shaft

29
Q

A primary inclined opening usually a shaft connecting the surface with underground workings

A

Slope

30
Q

A main horizontal or near-horizontal opening, with access to the surface at both ends.

A

Tunnel

31
Q

A secondary inclined opening driven upward to connect levels, sometimes on the dip of the deposit.

A

Incline/ Inclined Shaft

32
Q

A secondary inclined opening, driven downward to connect levels, sometimes on the dip of a deposit.

A

Decline

33
Q

A secondary horizontal or near-horizontal opening usually driven in multiples.

A

Entry

34
Q

A secondary or tertiary horizontal opening, often parallel or at an angle to a haulageway, usually to provide ventilation or some auxiliary service

A

Lateral

35
Q

A system of horizontal openings connected to a shaft; constitutes an operating horizon of a mine.

A

Level

36
Q

A secondary or tertiary vertical or near-vertical opening driven upward from one level to another.

A

Raise

37
Q

A vertical or near-vertical opening used to transfer bulk material from a stope to a drawpoint; often an interconnected set of raises.

A

Finger Raise

38
Q

A compartment of a raise or a vertical or near-vertical opening intended for personnel travel between two levels.

A

Manway

39
Q

A secondary or tertiary inclined opening, driven to connected levels, usually in a downward direction and used for haulage.

A

Ramp

40
Q

A secondary or tertiary vertical or near-vertical opening driven downward from one level to another.

A

Winze

41
Q

A tertiary horizontal opening, often connecting drifts, entries, or rooms, oriented perpendicularly to the strike of a pitching deposit.

A

Crosscut

42
Q

A horizontal opening used for materials handling.

A

Haulageway

43
Q

A funnel-shaped excavation formed at the top of the raise to move bulk material by gravity from a stope to a drawpoint.

A

Bell

44
Q

A lateral intended for exhaust ventilation

A

Bleeder (Shaft)

45
Q

A loading point beneath a stope, utilizing gravity to move bulk material downward and into a conveyance, by a chute or loading machine.

A

Drawpoint/ Boxhole

46
Q

An opening from a drawpoint, utilizing gravity flow to direct bulk material from a bell or orepass to hold a conveyance.

A

Chute

47
Q

A coarse screening or scalping device that prevents oversized bulk material from entering a materials transfer system; constructed of rails, bars, beams, etc.

A

Grizzly

48
Q

The transfer point at a shaft where bulk material is loaded by bin, hopper, and chute into a skip.

A

Loading Pocket

49
Q

A horizontal exploitation opening several hundred meters in length usually in a tabular deposit.

A

Longwall

50
Q

A vertical or near-vertical opening through which bulk material flows by gravity.

A

Orepass

51
Q

A horizontal exploitation opening for bedded deposits.

A

Room

52
Q

A large exploitation opening, usually inclined, vertical, or horizontal where mucking takes place.

A

Stope

53
Q

A narrow vertical or inclined opening excavated in a deposit at the end of a stope to provide a bench face.

A

Slot

54
Q

A secondary or intermediate level between main levels or horizons, usually close to the exploitation area.

A

Sublevel

55
Q

A location in the materials-handling system, either haulage or hoisting where bulk material is transferred between conveyances.

A

Transfer Point

56
Q

A low horizontal opening excavated under a portion of a deposit usually a stope to induce breakage and caving of the deposit.

A

Undercut

57
Q

The advancing in a near-horizontal direction; also the working face of an opening.

A

Breast

58
Q

Advancing in an upward direction

A

Overhand

59
Q

Advancing in a downward direction.

A

Underhand

60
Q

The direction toward the working face, away from the mine entrance

A

Inby

61
Q

The direction away from the working face, toward the entrance.

A

Outby

62
Q

The country rock boundary adjacent to a deposit.

A

Wall Rock

Mining Engineering 1 (9 decks)

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