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Zebras > Underground > Flashcards

Underground Flashcards

1
Q

Standard for the installation of private fire service mains

A

NFPA 24

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2
Q

What determines minimum earth cover on water mains

A

Frost line and surface load conditions

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3
Q

Excavation must conform with

A

Federal, Provincial, and municipal regulations

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4
Q

Once the frost line has been determined, the top of pipe shall be

A

1’ below the frost line

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5
Q

In areas where frost is not a factor, where shall the top of pipe be

A

Top of pipe 2’-6” below grade

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6
Q

Piping underneath driveways shall be buried a minimum of

A

3’ to the top of the pipe

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7
Q

Any pipe crossing underneath railroad tracks shall be a minimum of

A

4’ to top of pipe

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8
Q

Depth cover map is read from the

A

Top down

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9
Q

Why do fire mains require a deeper depth then city water mains

A

Because they are mostly static for there daily service

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10
Q

Trench bottom must be

A

True and even to fully support pipe

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11
Q

Trench bottom can be improved by adding crushed stone how big

A

3” in diameter (should be compacted)

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12
Q

Where rock sub grade or stones larger then 1 1/2 are encountered, how much bedding shall be used on top

A

4”

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13
Q

Flat bottom is defined as

A

Un-disturbed earth

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14
Q

Loose soil or select material is defined as

A

Native soil excavated

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15
Q

Type 1 laying condition is

A

Flat bottom

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16
Q

Type 2 laying condition is

A

Flat bottom, backfill lightly to centreline of pipe

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17
Q

Type 3 laying condition

A

Pipe bedded in 4” minimum loose soil, backfill to top of pipe

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18
Q

Type 4 laying condition

A

Pipe in sand, gravel, or crushed stone to depth of 1/8” of pipe diameter. 4” minimum

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19
Q

Type 5 Laying condition

A

Pipe bedded to its centreline in compacted granulated material, 4” min under pipe

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20
Q

Ductile iron pipe can be cut using

A
  • abrasive cut off saw
  • rotary wheel cutter
  • guillotine saw
  • milling saw
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21
Q

What saw is used for out of trench cuts/quick cuts

A

Abrasive cut off saw

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22
Q

Rotary wheel cutter can cut pipe up too what size

A

30”

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23
Q

Guillotine saw can cut pipe up to what size

A

16”

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24
Q

Miling wheel saw can cut pipe up too

A

6” or larger

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25
Q

Cast iron cut ends should be

A

Beveled to 30 degrees and 1/8” back from the edge

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26
Q

Time required for mechanical cutting of ductile iron is

A

1 minute per 1” of diameter

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27
Q

Gauge lines on PVC pipe indicate

A

If the pipe is in the bell socket

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28
Q

4 parts of mechanical joint for ductile are

A

Flange with bell, rubber gasket, a gland, and tee head bolts

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29
Q

Ductile iron pipe lengths are

A

18 feet

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30
Q

18 foot lengths of ductile iron (3-12” pipe) can be deflected how much

A

12-19” per joint

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31
Q

18 foot lengths of ductile iron (14-42” pipe) can be deflected how much

A

11” per joint

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32
Q

PVC max deflection is

A

1 degree

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33
Q

Thrust forces are created when pipeline

A

Changes direction

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34
Q

Soil under streets must be compacted

A

To the street sub grade

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35
Q

Soil under streets are generally compacted in

A

6-12” lifts

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36
Q

When can frozen backfill be used

A

Never

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37
Q

Underground acceptance test consists of

A

200 psi for 2 hours or 50 psi above system pressure, whichever is greater. Allowed up to 5 psi loss

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38
Q

Tested for underground must occur where

A

-At the lowest elevation point of the system (no hydrants)
-hydrant outlet

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39
Q

Flushing must produce a flow of at least

A

10ft/Sec (3m/sec)

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40
Q

Incoming spigot can be no higher then

A

24”

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41
Q

What is used to anchor fittings

A

Pipe clamps
Tie rods
Thrust blocks

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42
Q

Concrete mixture for thrust blocks is

A

1 part cement
2 1/2 parts sand
5 parts stone

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43
Q

Cast iron pipe first made in

A

1600’s western Germany

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44
Q

Asbestos cement pipe is commonly used in areas with

A

Corrosive soil conditions

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45
Q

Rubber gaskets in mechanical joints should be

A

Dipped in water or dipped in glycerine if in sub freezing weather

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46
Q

Steel pipe that is externally wrapped and internally Galv can be used

A

Between FDC and check valve

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47
Q

All pipe in underground shall be rated for a max system working pressure of not less then

A

150psi

48
Q

Underground pipe shall be permitted to extend into a building (wall or slab) no more then

A

24”

49
Q

Fittings shall be rated too no less then

A

150 psi

50
Q

All connections of copper tube shall be

A

Brazed or joined using pressure fittings

51
Q

2 dissimilar pipe types are joined, what is required

A

Insulated against the passage of electric current

52
Q

The depth of pipe shall be measured from the

A

Top of the piping to final grade

53
Q

Mains under large piles of heavy commodities or subject to heavy vibrations shall be buried at a minimum depth of

A

4 feet

54
Q

Mains above ground shall be protected with

A

Bollards or other means approved by AHJ

55
Q

Fire mains to extend no further than ____ under the building

A

10 feet/3 metres (measured from outside wall to centre of pipe going vertical)

56
Q

Piping shall be a minimum of ___ from foundation or footings

A

12 inches

57
Q

All joints shall be

A

Mechanically restrained

58
Q

A valve shall be installed before the piping enters the building within ____ from the building

A

24”

59
Q

Fire mains shall be restrained against movement at

A

Changes in direction

60
Q

Thrust blocks shall be placed so that

A

Joints are accessible for repair

61
Q

Clamps for pipe 4-6”

A

1/2 x 2”

62
Q

Clamps for pipe 8-10”

A

5/8 x 2 1/2”

63
Q

Clamps for 12” pipe

A

5/8 x 3”

64
Q

Diameter of a bolt hole in clamps shall be

A

1/8” bigger then the bolt

65
Q

Bracing Rods shall not be less then

A

5/8”

66
Q

Rods must be

A

Symmetrically spaced

67
Q

Clamp bolts 4-8”

A

5/8

68
Q

Clamp bolts for 10”

A

3/4”

69
Q

Clamp bolts 12”

A

7/8”

70
Q

Washers shall be

A

Cast iron or steel, round or square

71
Q

When using bolting rods, the diameter of the mechanical joint bolts cannot be bigger then

A

3/4”

72
Q

Bell ends shall be installed facing

A

Uphill

73
Q

Type 1&2 sloping

A

1:1 with max of 4’ from ground

74
Q

Type 3 sloping

A

1:1 starting from the bottom

75
Q

Type 4 sloping

A

1:3 starting from bottom

76
Q

Angle for sloping

A

45 degrees

77
Q

Type 1 soil

A

Hard ground, difficult to drive pick axe into

78
Q

Type 2 soil

A

Soft ground, easy to drive pick axe into

79
Q

Type 3 soil

A

Previously excavated

80
Q

Type 4 soil

A

Material containing high moisture

81
Q

Ladders to be no more then ___ apart in trenches

A

25 feet

82
Q

Cathodic protection is

A

Anode welded to pipe, will corrode instead of pipe

83
Q

Copper underground can only be what type

A

type k

84
Q

PVC comes in lengths of

A

20 feet

85
Q

HDPE stands for

A

High density polyethylene

86
Q

Bend radius for high density polyethylene pipe

A

25x the pipe diameter

87
Q

What pipe uses a form of fusion

A

HDPE (high density polyethylene)

88
Q

What size pipe is minimum for supplying hydrants

A

6”

89
Q

Non-Metallic pipe requires trace wire ___ above it for trace purposes

A

1 foot

90
Q

Caution tape is out how far below finish grade

A

2 feet

91
Q

Incoming main for pipe scheduled system shall be no smaller then

A

The riser feeding the system

92
Q

Ductile iron has what kind of joint

A

Tyton

93
Q

Cast iron has what kind of joint

A

Poured led

94
Q

PVC has what kind of joint

A

Push on

95
Q

4-24” pipe has what size bolts and what is the Torque

A

3/4 bolts, 75-90ft/lbs

96
Q

Joints that do not require restraint are

A

-threaded
-grooved
-welded
-heat fused
-chemical or solvent

97
Q

Asbestos cement joining method

A

AC couplings

98
Q

HDPE joining method

A

Fusion or victualic

99
Q

Concrete pressure pipe is for sizes ____ and up

A

16”

100
Q

Formula for hydrostatic allowance loss is

A

L=SD✔️P divided by 148000

S=length of pipe
D=Diameter of pipe
P=pressure test of system

101
Q

Washers to be used on pipe that are which size

A

3-12”

102
Q

Most common thrust block

A

Bearing

103
Q

Bearing thrust block is used where on fitting

A

On outside of fitting

104
Q

Gravity thrust block is used when

A

There is a change in elevation in the trench

105
Q

Thrust blocks shall be installed in

A

Stable soil

106
Q

Minimum size pipe for underground

A

6 inch

107
Q

6” GPM to achieve 10ft/sec

A

880Gpm

108
Q

8” GPM to achieve 10ft/sec

A

1560gpm

109
Q

10” GPM to achieve 10ft/sec

A

2440gpm

110
Q

12” GPM to achieve 10ft/sec

A

3520gpm

111
Q

Peto tube measures

A

Velocity

112
Q

Gauge of wire for tracer wire is

A

10-14 gauge

113
Q

AWWA means

A

American water works association

114
Q

Hydrants to be installed how far from building

A

40 feet

115
Q

Hydrants outlets are how far above the ground and how far above the floor in hose houses

A

18” and 12”

Zebras (7 decks)

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