Under The Microscope

Question 1

What the five systems of the body?

Answer 1

Respiratory 
Endocrine
Urinary
Digestive
Central nervous

Question 2

Four types of tissue

Answer 2

Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
(Closely packed cells in one or more layers that form barriers)

Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue

Question 3

Types of cells

Answer 3

Red blood
Nerve
Epithelial
Adipose(store molecules of fat that help insulate the body and can be turned into energy)

Skeletal muscle
Reproductive(female egg and male sperm combine to form a new embryo)

Photoreceptor cells(respond to the light in eyes)
Hair cells(pick up sound vibrations being transmitted through the fluid of the inner ear)

Question 4

Cell death process

Answer 4

Apoptosis
Reach the natural end of their life cycle

Necrosis
Cells die prematurely as a result of infection or toxins

Question 5

What is mitosis?

Answer 5

The cell’s DNA is duplicated and then divides equally to form two identical nuclei, each containing the exact same DNA as the original parent cell

Question 6

What is meiosis

Answer 6

Egg and sperm cells are produced a specialized type of cell division known as meiosis. The aim is to reduce the number of chromosome from the parent cell by half. Meiosis produces four daughter cells that each genetically different to the parent cell.

Question 7

Stem cells

Answer 7

Can specialize into many different types of cells. Stem cells are the foundation for the body’s repair mechanism, which makes them potentially useful in helping repair damage in the body

Question 8

Types of fractures

Answer 8

Open fracture: skin is punctured
Closed fracture: skin remains intact
Communicated fracture: bone shatters into three or more pieces
Compression fracture: fractured ends of bone collapse into one another and shorten the bone
Spiral fracture: results from a twisting force
Greenstick fracture: bone may split on one side when bent, rather than breaking into two

Question 9

Osteoporosis

Answer 9

Develops when not enough new bone is made to replace the old. Lack of calcium-rich foods and Vitamin D

Question 10

Osteoporosis in the spine

Answer 10

Spontaneous fractures of the vertebrae can occur when the bones become too weak to support the weight of the upper body.