Uncle Bobs

Question 1

Advantages of HVDC transmission over AC transmission

Answer 1

Instantaneous power level change
Dynamic stabilization of interconnected AC systems
Lower transmission line costs
Lower line losses
No line reactive compensation

Question 2

Series capacitors on Long transmission lines capacitive reactance cancels some or all of the Lions inductive reactance reducing the overall impedance of the line, therefore reducing the lines voltage drop and securing its loading capability ( it makes the line appear shorter)

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The PDCI uses the _____________ method of operation when the earth is used as a conductor

Answer 3

Monopolar ground return

Question 4

A team composed of Representative from outage dispatching, transmission marketing, and transmission Field Services who are tasked with proposing monthly outage plan for consideration and approval by path owners

Answer 4

Outage coordination group

Question 5

Attempts to evaluate and quantify how the power system responds to changes

Answer 5

Studies

Question 6

The part of BPA transmission facilities that includes all 500kv service and excludes all lower voltage lines

Answer 6

BPA Network

Question 7

The maximum transfer capacity of a scheduled path, usually set by the WECC. This is the same as the RTC

Answer 7

Rating

Question 8

Capacity that is sold only during real-time if it is available on the transmission path

Answer 8

Non-firm transmission

Question 9

The part of the contract that is known as “take & pay”, usually set by the WECC

Answer 9

Firm transmission

Question 10

Any manage intertie path affected by a significant equipment outage

Answer 10

Affected path

Question 11

An outage that does not meet the criteria for emergency or Urgent outage

Answer 11

Routine outage

Question 12

Permission from the dispatcher can be granted to open ground switches associated with a work clearance, provided that ________ _________ __________ have been installed as substitutes for the ground switches

Answer 12

Portable protective grounds

Question 13

Low voltage isolating devices shall be opened and tagged with a do not operate tag for the clearance holder for the purpose of controlling energization of high-voltage equipment including within the clearance from potential backfeed through low voltage sources such as:

Answer 13

An engine generator
an alternate Station Service
As determined to be a low voltage source by the substation operator

Question 14

If any power circuit breaker tag for a hold order opens automatically while the hold order is in effect;

Answer 14

The switchman shall notify the dispatcher immediately

the dispatcher shall communicate with the crew having the hold order

Question 15

Work permit tags are used for

Answer 15

High voltage power system equipment or circuits that are being worked on when the protection of a clearance or a hold order is not required, and the applicable minimum approach distance will not be violated.
Fiber optic circuits for work.
Low voltage power system equipment or circuit work

Question 16

A system dispatcher shall, when necessary, order a ____________ tag for the dispatcher placed on an open isolating device to prevent its operation

Answer 16

Do not operate

Question 17

The glossary defines isolating device as an electrical apparatus used to isolate power system lines and equipment from a source of energy Station. High voltage isolation devices include:

Answer 17

Disconnect switches
hot sticks links
removable bus links
transmission line jumpers

Question 18

RAS are armed

Answer 18

Manually by the RAS dispatcher
automatically in response to system conditions such as power flow, position of Disconnects, or PCBs
some remain constantly armed

Question 19

Duties of a generation dispatcher

Answer 19

Operate the automatic generation control computer system.
Follows scheduled generation patterns and interchange schedule.
In cooperation with dispatchers of other utilities, incorporate their systems into BPA balancing Authority.
Gives permission to remove federal dams from service
Maintains necessary records, calculates inadvertent interchange and regulating margin, and determines accuracy of telemetering quantities each hour

Question 20

AGC monitors only the frequency the power system. if frequency deviates from 60 hertz scheduled frequency, AGC will adjust the set point of generators to maintain the scheduled frequency

Answer 20

Flat frequency control

Question 21

AGC monitors the tie lines to other balancing authorities. If the actual transfer deviate from the scheduled values, AGC will adjust generation until power flow is returned to scheduled values

Answer 21

Flat tie line bias

Question 22

Combines “flat frequency control” and “flat tie line bias control”. In this mode AGC responds to the “area control error” a signal which is calculated from actual and scheduled interchange flow as well as actual and scheduled frequency

Answer 22

Tie line bias

Question 23

Out of Step simply means a situation where generators or systems lose synchronicity with each other

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Reactive margin represents, in MVAR, how much additional stress can be put on the power system before a system break up

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The more rotating reserve that is in service, the more difficult it becomes for out-of-step conditions to break up the system

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Reactive response depends on speed to prevent voltage collapse

Answer 26

True

Question 27

FACRI/ reactive device switching scheme

Answer 27

FACRI can insert series capacitors The FACRI scheme adds to reactive margin The reactive device switching scheme was installed for the purpose of improving voltage stability in the Northwest for BPA line loss

Question 28

Under frequency occurs when load is lost and there is more generation then load

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Powering down a SCADA RTU at a substation with RAS would have no impact on the operation and stability of the power system

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Which of the following statements are true about generators within a balancing Authority

Answer 30

All generating units are responsible for providing Primary Response in the form of Governor controlled generation. AGC system does not regulate the output of all generators all the time, only those necessary to match load and generation and to maintain frequency

Question 31

Time error due to under frequency is corrected by ___________ 0.02 Hz until correction occurs

Answer 31

Over- generating

Question 32

Which classifications below are associated with a type of voltage collapse

Answer 32

Long term classical transient

Question 33

Does Raising generator and transmission voltages raise or lower the power transfer capability

Answer 33

Raise

Question 34

Which statements are true about transient voltage collapse

Answer 34

One variation of this type of voltage collapse is the system goes out of Step, separates and experiences voltage collapse. Induction loads all starting at once leading to reactive power swing. Could be thought of as part of "cold load start" when after a long outage a large load is picked up

Question 35

If the power system loses stability due to the small continuous changes in generation and load the system suffers from steady-state instability

Answer 35

True

Question 36

The purpose of remedial action schemes are to maximize which of the following

Answer 36

Reliability. Power transfer capability of the BPA main grid. Power transfer capability of the western interconnected system

Question 37

Power transfer between two substations over a transmission line depends on the voltage at each substation, the impedance between them, and the phase angle difference between the two substations

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Each individual balancing Authority area is responsible for balancing its load and generation to maintain voltage

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Frequency is generally regulated by which of the following actions

Answer 39

Regulating generator governors. Automatic generation control. Tertiary response by dispatchers and Power schedulers

Question 40

That's the requirements for the 45-day outage process

Answer 40

NWPP

Question 41

Set the requirements for DART

Answer 41

BPA

Question 42

That's the requirements for studies for significant equipment

Answer 42

WECC

Question 43

Procedure for load restoration after an automatic shedding operation

Answer 43

Find manual restoration at the direction of the BPA dispatcher

Question 44

Locations on the power system were commercial transactions are limited by System capacity. Determined by power system studies as likely spots for RAS intervention until system reinforcements are in place

Answer 44

Bottleneck

Question 45

An algorithm that evaluates numerous system variables and numerical values and establishes system responses

Answer 45

Nomogram

Question 46

And interconnected transmission system disconnecting as the result of a voltage collapse or other system condition, breaking up into separate areas

Answer 46

Islanding

Question 47

Reflect the actual implementation of DSOs on the system

Answer 47

Intertie protection scheme

Question 48

A system of transmission lines permitting a flow of energy between major Power Systems

Answer 48

Intertie

Question 49

The arrangement by which two or more balancing authorities exchange power

Answer 49

Interchange schedule

Question 50

Major bottleneck in the system that consistently requires special monitoring for overload conditions

Answer 50

Cutplane

Question 51

In a power system oh, the possibility of a fault or equipment failure described as N-1 or N-2

Answer 51

Contingency

Question 52

Significant equipment is electrical system equipment, when taken out of service, requires a study to assure reliable operation on a path. This includes outages that alone might not affect capacity, but under credible conditions, in combination with others, could have an effect

Answer 52

True

Question 53

Behaviors that, although not necessarily prescribed by FERC Open Access Transmission Tariff, have been deemed beneficial to conducting business

Answer 53

Business practices

Question 54

A managed path that has capacity reduced by System operating conditions and/or a significant equipment outage

Answer 54

Constrained transmission path

Question 55

The capacity to which any affected managed path is reduced such that system stability is unquestionable during unstudied significant equipment outages

Answer 55

Default level

Question 56

The commonly known service generally recognized as BPA transmission

Answer 56

Point to point

Question 57

An outage involving the removal from service of significant equipment

Answer 57

Significant outage

Question 58

A line or group of lines over which power flows are scheduled and transfer capacity is sold

Answer 58

Scheduled path

Question 59

Electrical system equipment when taken out of service may require a study to ensure reliable operation on a path

Answer 59

Significant equipment

Question 60

Any managed intertie path affected by a significant equipment outage

Answer 60

Affected path

Question 61

Internet website where BPA post outage and capacity

Answer 61

OASIS

Question 62

Either the real-time actual reduction of sold or unfold capacity or a reduction of sold or unsold capacity due to a unstudied condition

Answer 62

Curtailment

Question 63

A major transmission path connecting BPA with other interconnected systems

Answer 63

Intertie

Question 64

A set of monitored variables that can affect capacities on manage path. these variables can include temperature loading and generation

Answer 64

Nomogram