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Question 1

But history tells us that monopolies that are truly benevolent and effective are rare.

Answer 1

Michael Porter

Question 2

between incumbents is a threat that reduces the profits of the established enterprises.

Answer 2

Intensity of Rivalry

Question 3

New entrants inject substantial resources and bring new capacity to the industry, thus increasing competition and placing additional pressure on profitability among all players.

Answer 3

Threat of Entry

Question 4

The ability of buyers to bargain down prices

Answer 4

Bargaining Power of Buyers

Question 5

It occurs when companies within one industry are forced to compete with industries producing substitute products or services.

Answer 5

Threats of Substitutes

Question 6

Ability of suppliers to bargain up prices charged by firms

Answer 6

Bargaining Power of Suppliers

Question 7

this is the stage wherein sales accelerate markedly as advertising and promotional work comes to fruition, and the product benefits from imitative buying as consumers see it being bought and used by others.

Answer 7

Growth

Question 8

this is the stage wherein the product is new, so there will not have been time for advertising and promotional work to come to fruition.

Answer 8

Introduction

Question 9

this is the stage wherein the growth in the size of the total market for the product begins to slow.

Answer 9

Maturity

Question 10

this is where market growth comes to an end, and the product is overwhelmed by newer rivals.

Answer 10

Decline

Question 11

low share of the market, but the overall market is growing quickly.

Answer 11

Wildcat Products

Question 12

defined as the situation wherein the overall market is growing quickly and the firm’s product has a good share of the market.

Answer 12

Star Products

Question 13

This is the one where the product in question still has a good share of the market, but where the total market is no longer growing strongly

Answer 13

Cash Cow Products

Question 14

are those where the total market is not growing and the firm has only a low share of the existing small market

Answer 14

Dog Products

Question 15

______ and regularity performance should be studied carefully by airlines when controlling product quality.

Answer 15

Punctuality

Question 16

This aircraft is one which can be converted from a passenger to a freighter aircraft quickly - generally it takes less than a hour.

Answer 16

Quick change aircraft

Question 17

This kind of service is offered to the customer at the point where they are actually making a booking.

Answer 17

Point of sale

Question 18

It is a pallet or container used to load luggage, freight and mail on wide-body aircraft and specific narrow-body aircraft

Answer 18

Unit load device

Question 19

The other main are of controversy involves a debate over the related issues of hub-and-spoke networks and so-called _____

Answer 19

Market fragmentation

Question 20

This are people who will only buy a product when it is very well-proven

Answer 20

Laggard

Question 21

Its overall message is that in order to achieve the correct balance between risk and opportunity, firms must have products which fit into each of the four boxes/categories

Answer 21

Ansoff matrix

Question 22

It is their primary function to ensure your satisfaction and safety on board

Answer 22

In flight service

Question 23

It is an essential part of the product design phase of marketing for any airline. Without it, the carrier cannot know which parts of its product are weak, and where improvements are needed.

Answer 23

Quality control

Question 24

It refers to the length of time (useful life) of the product introduced to consumers into the market until it is removed.

Answer 24

Product life cycle

Question 25

The theory of ___ behavior should be applied in Airline Marketing to the marketing of holiday destinations

Answer 25

Innovator and laggard

Question 26

As this trend developed, airlines found at least a short term answer to their handling problems by offering _____ to those air freight forwarders who were prepared to take the ULD.

Answer 26

Concessionary rates

Question 27

Many airlines have based their strategic response to the competitive challenges of deregulation on the ______ principle

Answer 27

Hub-and-spoke

Question 28

This kind of airlines will find airport service a major are where they can achieve economies to ensure that their low fares will be profitable.

Answer 28

Low-fare airlines