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Anatomy 2 Final > UMN/LMN > Flashcards

UMN/LMN Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two motor pathways?

A

Dorsolateral System

Ventromedial System

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2
Q

UMN have cells bodies in what parts of the CNS?

A

Cortex and Brainstem

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3
Q

Where do UMN terminate?

A

On lower motor neurons in the CNS (spinal Cord)

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4
Q

What do UMN influence?

A

LMN activity

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5
Q

LMN have cell bodies in what part of the CNS?

A

Spinal Cord

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6
Q

What do LMN innervate?

A

Skeletal muscle

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7
Q

UMNs function to initiate and direct what?

A

VOLUNTARY activity of muscles

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8
Q

Do UMNs maintain muscle tone?

A

Yes

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9
Q

Are UMNs or LMNs involved in regulating posture/balance?

A

UMN

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10
Q

How do the axons of UMN cell bodies travel down the spinal cord?

A

By way of the two motor pathways

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11
Q

What are the tracts of the Dorsolateral System?

A

RUBROSPINAL, corticospinal

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12
Q

What is the function of the Dorsolateral system?

A

Precise movements, especially distal limb movements.

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13
Q

What are the tracts of the Ventromedial system?

A

VESTIBULOSPINAL, reticulospinal, tectospinal

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14
Q

Ventromedial System muscle systems

A

Proximal

Extensors

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15
Q

Dorsolateral System muscle systems

A

Distal

Flexors

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16
Q

What is the function of the Ventromedial System?

A

Posture & Balance

Whole limb movements

17
Q

What system is the Rubrospinal Pathway in?

A

Dorsolateral System

18
Q

Where are cell bodies of the Rubrospinal pathway found?

A

Red Nucleus of the midbrain

19
Q

What system is the Vestibulospinal Pathway in?

A

Ventromedial System

20
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the Lateral Vestibulospinal Pathway found?

A

Lateral vestibular nucleus in the hind brain

21
Q

Which system controls distal limbs more than proximal limbs?

A

Dorsolateral System

22
Q

Which system controls flexors more than extensors?

A

Dorsolateral System

23
Q

Which system controls proximal limbs more than distal limbs?

A

Ventromedial System

24
Q

Which system controls extensors more than flexors?

A

Ventromedial System

25
Q

Damage to which system causes decreased (paretic) or absent (paralyzed) voluntary movement of FLEXOR systems caudal to the site of damage?

A

Dorsolateral System

Dorsolateral=Distal & Flexors

26
Q

Damage to which system causes decreased (paretic) or absent (paralyzed) voluntary movements in the EXTENSOR systems caudal to the site of damage?

A

Ventromedial System

Ventromedial=Proximal & Extensors

27
Q

Damage to Grey Matter produces UMN or LMN signs?

A

LMN

28
Q

Decreased muscle tone: UMN or LMN?

A

LMN

29
Q

Paresis to Paralysis: UMN or LMN?

A

UMN and LMN

30
Q

Decreased to absent spinal reflexes: UMN or LMN?

A

LMN

31
Q

Rapid-onset muscle atrophy: UMN or LMN?

A

LMN

32
Q

Alterations in EMG activity of affected muscles and histochemical changes in affected muscles: UMN or LMN?

A

LMN

33
Q

Damage to White Matter produces UMN or LMN signs?

A

UMN

34
Q

Normal to increased muscle tone, clonus: UMN or LMN?

A

UMN

35
Q

Normal to increased spinal reflexes: UMN or LMN?

A

UMN

36
Q

Slow muscle atrophy: UMN or LMN?

A

UMN

37
Q

EMG activity unaltered and no histological changes: UMN or LMN?

A

UMN

38
Q

Clinical Signs of UMN Bladder problems?

A 
No voluntary micturition
Severe Bladder distention
Inconsistent urine leakage
Resistance to manual expression
Eventually reflex micturition develops
39
Q

Clinical signs of LMN Bladder problems?

A

Continuous leakage

Evacuation of the bladder is easy, but is still required to be done manually

Anatomy 2 Final (3 decks)

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