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Genetics Lab > Ultrastructures of the Cell > Flashcards

Ultrastructures of the Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains genetic material: DNA

Regulates growth and division

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2
Q

Golgi Complex

A

Packages lipids and proteins for transportation

Packaging plant and secretory vesicle of the cell

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3
Q

Nucleolus

A

Site of ribosome synthesis & ribosomal RNA synthesis

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4
Q

Ribosome

A

Protein assembly site

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5
Q

Peroxisome

A

contains enzymes for oxidation

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6
Q

Centrosome

A

Microtubule organizing center

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7
Q

Mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of the cell. Responsible for the production of adenosine triphosphate (energy source)

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8
Q

Lysosome

A

tiny sacs created by golgi bodies. contains digestive enzymes.

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9
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

circulatory system of the cell.

involved in production, processing & transport of proteins synthesized by ribosomes

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10
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Maintains cell shape

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11
Q

Plasma membrane / Cell Membrane

A

Outer boundary, involved in transport & cell-to-cell communication via signal transduction

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12
Q

Vacuoles

A

helps in storage and disposal of wasteproducts

endocytosis: paloob
exocytosis: palabas

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13
Q

Flagella and pili

A

Single, long, hair-like. Facilitates the movement and communication between cells

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14
Q

Cell wall

A

Envelope of the plant cell which gives support, strength and protection

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15
Q

Cytoplasm

A

composed of cytosol. intracellular environment containing organelles

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16
Q

Organelles

A

Responsible in performing metabolic activities

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17
Q

Centriole

A

creates centrosome and basal bodies

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18
Q

chloroplast

A

contains chlorophyll- essential for photosynthesis

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19
Q

Rough E.R

A

lined with ribosomes for the distribution of proteins

20
Q

Smooth E.R

A

for the transportation of carbohydrates and lipids

21
Q

Nuclear Envelope

A

double membrane surrounding nucleus

22
Q

what organelles are present in bacterial cell? (3)

A

Cell wall
plasma membrane
ribosomes

23
Q

what organelles are present in plant cell? (10)

A

Cell wall
plasma membrane
vacuoles
golgi complex
nucleus
mitochondrion/-ia
ribosomes
nucleolus
chloroplastid
endoplasmic reticulum

24
Q

what organelles are present in animal cell? (9)

A

plasma membrane
vacuoles
golgi complex
nucleus
mitochondrion/-ia
ribosomes
nucleolus
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosome

25
Q

size of prokaryotic cell

A

1 to 10 um

26
Q

size of eukaryotic cell

A

10 to 100 um

27
Q

shape of prokaryotic cell

A

sphere, rod, spirals

28
Q

shape of eukaryotic cell

A

spheroid,ovoid,cuboidal,flat,discoidal

29
Q

Type of nucleus in prokaryotic cell

A

absent

30
Q

type of nucleus in eukaryotic cell

A

Present, true nucleus

31
Q

structure of dna in prokaryotic cell

A

single stranded, circular

32
Q

structure of dna in eukaryotic cell

A

double stranded, linear

33
Q

structure of ribosome in prokaryotic cell

A

70S

34
Q

structure of ribosome in eukaryotic cell

A

80S

35
Q

size of plant cell

A

10 to 100 um

36
Q

size of animal cell

A

10 to 30 um

37
Q

shape of plant cell

A

cuboidal, rectangular

38
Q

shape of animal cell

A

irregular, round

39
Q

protective covering of plant cell

A

cell wall

40
Q

protective covering of animal cell

A

plasma membrane

41
Q

spindle fibers

A

network of microtubules that extend during cell division

42
Q

microvilli

A

tiny, finger-like projections that increase surface area of cell for efficient absorption

43
Q

Cilia

A

numerous, short, hair-like that propel material along cell surface

44
Q

channelopathies

A

diseases that stem from faulty ion channel

45
Q

secretion

A

release of a substance from a cell. begins when body sends biochemical msg

46
Q

lysosomal storage disease

A

absence or malfunction of an enzyme in lysosome

Genetics Lab (2 decks)

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