Ultrastructure Of Cells Flashcards
What are the 3 main components of a cell
Nucleus Cell membrane and Cytoplasm
Name things that the cell (plasma) membrane does
- Separating intra and extracellular (activity)
- Monitoring what goes in and out through selective permeability
What is a plasma membrane made out of
Phospholipid Bilayer
With a polar head and a non polar tail
What are the main components of cytoplasm
Cytosol and Cellular organelles
What is nucleus
The largest organelle within a cell that serves as control centre (because of the DNA that controls cellular structure and activity)
Where is the cytoskeleton found
Cytosol
What is the function of cytoskeleton
Maintaining cell shape and internal organisation
What protein filaments is the cytoskeleton made up of
- microfilament
- intermediate filament
- microtubules
What are microfilaments?
The thinnest element of cytoskeleton
Provide mechanical support and help generate movement
Examples of when microfilaments are used
Muscle contraction, cell division and cell locomotiom
What are intermediate filaments
Thicker than microfilaments & found in parts of cells subject to tension (stretching)
Helps hold organelles e.g. nucleus in place
Attaches cells to one another
What are microtubules
They are the largest component in the cytoskeleton and are long and hollow.
They help determine cell shape and function in both movement of organelles and migration of chromosomes during cell division.
Also responsible for moving cillia and flagella
Where are centrosomes located
Near the nucleus
What are centrosomes made up of
2 centrioles
How the the 2 centrioles that make centrosomes arranged
are arranged in
A cylindrical structure made up of 9 clusters of 3 microtubules arranged in a circular pattern
Pericentriolar material that surrounds the centrioles and contain 100s of ring shaped proteins called tubulins.
