Ultrasound Application

Question 1

Number of compressions - rarefactions cycles per second (MHz)

Answer 1

Frequency

Question 2

An increased frequency equals

Answer 2

a decreased depth of penetration

Question 3

3 MHz penetrates

Answer 3

1-2cm deep

Question 4

1 MHz penetrates

Answer 4

Up to 5cm dependent on intensity and absorption

Question 5

Sound is audible at

Answer 5

20 kHz (one KHz = 1000 cycles per second)

Question 6

Percentage of time the sound head is delivering sound waves. This determines whether you are delivering continuous or pulsed ultrasound

Answer 6

Duty Cycle

Question 7

Duty Cycle for Continuous ultrasound is

Answer 7

100%

Question 8

Duty cycle for pulsed ultrasound is

Answer 8

20% (this reflects the sound head is on 20%)

Question 9

How long do thermal effects last post tx.

Answer 9

8-10min

Question 10

Use pulsed ultrasound in which stage

Answer 10

Acute stages, when the client does not improve from continuous or in cases where the client experiences periosteal pain (a dull ache)

Question 11

Strength of the acoustic energy at the site of the application

Answer 11

Dosage or Intensity

Question 12

How is intensity measured

Answer 12

Measured in power per unit area of the sound head - w/cm squared

Question 13

Typical w/cm2 for therapeutic purposes

Answer 13

0.1-2.0

Question 14

w/cm2 must be ____ to produce thermal effect

Answer 14

1.0

Question 15

w/cm2 for acute conditions

Answer 15

0.1-0.5

Question 16

w/cm2 for subacute conditions

Answer 16

0.5-1.0

Question 17

w/cm2 for chronic conditions

Answer 17

1.0-2.0

Question 18

w/cm2 used for pulsed ultrasound

Answer 18

0.7 or 0.8

Question 19

Time of ultrasound

Answer 19

Duration of application of sound wave is measured in minutes

Question 20

Duration of the ultrasound tx. is determined by

Answer 20

The area treated: Count how many sound heads it takes to cover the area you wish to treat. That number equals the number of minutes of treatment.
Typicalle 5-12min

Question 21

Max number of treatments

Answer 21

12-14
Then you need to skip 2 weeks if you really need to continue.
(Ultrasound can deplete red and white blood cells which need time for re-generation)

Question 22

8 contraindications for ultrasound

Answer 22

1) Never on the eye, heart, pregnant uterus, or reproductive organs.
2) Never over CNS tissue or pacemaker
3) Malignancy or area of infection
4) Area of decreased circulation or thrombophlebitis
5) Area of impaired sensation
6) Never a high intensity (over 1.0) over growth plates: Can do low intensity for under 18 years.
7) Never allow sound head to be stationary
8) Stop it the pt. has any pain

Question 23

3 Precautions for ultrasound

Answer 23

1) Metal or plastic implants: Keep moving
2) Unhealed fracture sites
3) Acute inflammation or edema

Question 24

Application of Ultrasound

Answer 24

Position body part in a position of relaxation, apply medium, and set parameters.
Spread medium evenly over testing tolerance for sound head pressure if needed.
While moving the sound head turn on, move constantly in an overlapping pattern.
Assure sound head is in full contact with skin entire time by rotating around body part to assure full contact.

Question 25

Ultrasound Documentation

Answer 25

Include frequency (MHz), intensity (w/cm2), duty cycle, length of tx, tolerance/response to tx.

Question 26

3 Advantages to ultrasound

Answer 26

1) Significant tissue healing
2) Very localized
3) Short Application

Question 27

3 Disadvantages to ultrasound

Answer 27

1) Pt. feels very little sensation
2) Pressure of sound head is not always tolerated
3) large areas are difficult to treat.