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Urogenital system > ultrasound and imaging of the KUB > Flashcards

ultrasound and imaging of the KUB Flashcards

1
Q

layer of fat surrounding the fibrous capsule and fills up the area in the renal sinus

A

Perirenal fat

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2
Q

fibroareolar sheath surrounding the kidney and perirenal fat

A

Renal fascia of Gerota

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3
Q

fat that surrounds the renal fascia, more abundant
posteriorly and at the lower pole, fills up
paravertebral gutter and forms a cushion of kidney

A

Pararenal fat

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4
Q

parts of the kidney

A

Cortex
medulla
Hilum

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5
Q

2 parts of cortex

A

cortical arches

renal columns of Bertin

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6
Q

a depression located in the middle of the concave side of the kidney where blood vessels, nerves and ureters enter and exits the kidney

A

Hilum

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7
Q

25-30 cm in length and 2-8 mm diameter muscular tubes that extend from the kidney to the posterior surface of the urinary bladder

A

Ureter

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8
Q

Membranomuscular sac which act as reservoir for urine

A

urinary bladder

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9
Q

bladder neck in males is fixed by

A

puboprostatic ligament

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10
Q

bladder neck in females is fixed by

A

pubovesicle ligament

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11
Q

Also known as KUB x-ray

A

plain abdominal radiograph

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12
Q

why is KUB sx-ray done after bowel cleansing

A

to adequately visualiz renal shadows

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13
Q

what gives lucent outline to the kidneys

A

perirenal fat

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14
Q

test of rena function

A

Intravenous Pyelogram or Excretory urography

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15
Q

this type of imaging is usually done in OR setting

A

retrograde pyelography

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16
Q

used to detect normalcy of ureter distoal to the level of the bifurcation

A

retrograde pyelography

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17
Q

disadvantages of retrograde pyelography

A

Ascending infection
Perforation with hemorrhage
Post manipulative stricture or fibrosis

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18
Q

used to deineate solid from cystic masses

A

ultrasound

19
Q

used to asses kidney size

A

ultrasound

20
Q

Assess organ vascularity, tumor vascularity and extension of tumors into the venous system

A

organ doppler

21
Q

Performed to evaluate the anatomy and physiology of the bladder and urethra

A

Voiding cystourethrogram

22
Q

VCUG is the most accurate method in demonstrating

A

vesicoureteral reflux

23
Q

Imaging of choice for the evaluation of hematuria and screening examination of the pelvocalyceal system

A

CT urogram

24
Q

optimal evaluation of the renal parenchyma with satisfactory assessment of the

A

collecting system, ureters and bladder

25
Q

what makes CT urogram a high quality diagnostic study

A

improved contrast and resolution and demonstration of soft tissues

26
Q

Substitute for CT when CT is equivocal or use of iodinated contrast agent is contraindicated

A

MR urogram

27
Q

MR urogram is effective in evaluation of the

A

uroepithelium

28
Q

MRI can characterize

A

extremely small renal cysts

29
Q

renal colic is caused by

A

obstructing ureteral calculus

30
Q

most common cause of acute flank pain

A

renal colic

31
Q

Classic appearance of ureterolithiasis

A

High attenuation stone within the ureter associated with proximal dilatation and distal contraction of the ureter

32
Q

urolithiasis is best seen at

A

IVp

33
Q

Detects most calculi regardless of calcium content

A

CT

34
Q

refleux grade 1

A

into a nondilated ureter

35
Q

reflux grade 2

A

into pelvis and calyces without dilatation

36
Q

reflux grade 3

A

mild to moderate ureteropelvocaliectasia with minimal blunting of the fornices

37
Q

reflux grade 4

A

moderate ureteral tortuosity and diatation of the pelvocayceal system

38
Q

reflux grade 5

A

Gross ureteropelvocaliectasia and ureteral tortuousity with loss of papillary impression

39
Q

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

A

CYSTITIS

40
Q

why is cystitis more common in women

A

Because of a shorter urethra

41
Q

radiologic finding is cystitis

A

thickened and irregular urinary bladder wall

42
Q

Chronic cystitis causes

A

irreguarity in the UB wall

43
Q

chronic cystitis forms

A

cellules and diverticua

Urogenital system (6 decks)

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