Ultrasound (2) Flashcards
What are the thermal effects of ultrasound?
Increased tissue temperature
Increase blood flow
Increase tissue extensibility
Increased local metabolism
Mild inflammatory response
What are the non thermal effects of ultrasound?
Cavitation
Fluid movement
Increased cellular function
Increased fibroblast activity
What are the therapeutic effects of ultrasound?
Pain modulation
Muscle spasm reduction
Soft tissue extensibility
Acceleration of soft tissue healing
Decreased joint stiffness
What is the 1MHz used for in ultrasound?
Deeper tissue up to 5 cm
What is the 3MHz used for in ultrasound?
Superficial tissue up to 2 cm
What is the duty cycle in ultrasound?
Time that the ultrasound waves are transmitted during a treatment
What is the duty cycle in a continuous one?
100%
What is a pulsed cycle in a duty cycle?
On/off times (20% and 50% are most common)
What is cavitation?
Formation of gas filled bubbles that expand and contract creating pressure changes in tissue fluids
How should thermal ultrasound feel?
Gentle warmth
How should non thermal ultrasound feel?
No perception of heat
What are the parameters for ultrasound?
Inspect area for sensation
Determine appropriate sound head size
Determine thermal or non thermal effects
Determine frequency and duty cycle
Apply ultrasound coupling gel
Move sound head in slow circle 2-4 cm big
What is the treatment time for 1 MHz ultrasound?
8-12 min
What is the treatment time for 3MHz ultrasound?
4-5 min
