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perio > Ultrasonic Intrumentations > Flashcards

Ultrasonic Intrumentations Flashcards

1
Q

what instruments should be used supragingivially?

A

scalers, and mcalls

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2
Q

what is the mcalls 13/14 used for?

A

bicuspids

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3
Q

what is the mcalls 17/18 used for?

A

molars

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4
Q

what can the ultrasonic be used for?

A 
calculus
necrotized ulcerative gingivitis
overhanging restorations
excess cement 
stains
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5
Q

what types of powered scalers are there?

A

sonic and ultrasonic

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6
Q

whats the frequency of the powered scalers

A

sonic: 6000 hz

ultrasonic: 20-50000 Hz

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7
Q

what types of ultrasonic scalers are there?

A

magnetostrictive and peizoelectric

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8
Q

what direction does the tip of an sonic scaler move?

A

elliptical

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9
Q

what are some disadvantages of the sonic scaler?

A

heats the tissue so needs to be cooled and cant remove heavy deposits

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10
Q

how is the peizoelectric scaler powered?

A

alternating current to reactive crystals

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11
Q

what direction do peizoelectric scalers tips move?

A

linear, therefore only two sides are active

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12
Q

magnetostrictive tip moves in what direction?

A

elliptical

MS scaler similar to sonic, makes heat, elliptical

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13
Q

how is the MS scaler powered

A

ferromagnetic stacks

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14
Q

how do ultrasonic scalers clean teeth?

A

1) by disrupting bioflim, otherwise known as deplaquing

2) cavitation bubbles: expansion and collapse of bubbles a formation of radicals

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15
Q

what are some advantages of ultrasonic scalers over hand scaling?

A 
less time
more comfort
less stress on the hand
technically less demanding 
no sharpening
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16
Q

what are some advantages of hand scaling over ultrasonic scalers?

A 
more visibility 
more tactile sensitivity
no aerosols
better subgingivally 
easier on the roots 
no irrigation
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17
Q

the water suppy can be easily contaminated, what are some things that can be one to prevent contamination?

A

self-contained reservoir
point-of-use filter
flushing the tube

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18
Q

how should the tube be flushed?

A

2 min at the start of the day and 30 sec before each use

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19
Q

why is the ultrasonic handpeice filled with water before inserting the scaler?

A

to remove air bubbles; air bubbles can cause it to overheat

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20
Q

how do you adjust the water setting?

A

make sure the power is on a low setting

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21
Q

what is the out of phase setting and when should it be used?

A

its a steady drip of water and it should be used on light deposits

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22
Q

would should be the water setting for heavy deposits?

A

maximum efficiency: mist

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23
Q

T or F

water level must be changed every time the power setting is changed AND when the tip is changed.

A

true

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24
Q

when should the USS be used on the high setting?

A

pretty much never, medium power is good enough

25
Q

The boost mode increases ______ by _____ percent

water flow
amplitude
frequency
power

10
15
20
25

A

power (technically amplitude and frequency is good enough too)

25

26
Q

T or F

the proper way to use the USS is to apply pressure against the calculus.

A

F

applying too much pressure dampens the vibrations, use light strokes

27
Q

what kind of tips are there for USS?

A 
thin for light deposits 
heavy for heavy deposits 
subgingival
implants: PLASTIC TIP
furcations
28
Q

what are the surfaces for the tip?

A

lateral
face
back
point

29
Q

what surfaces are used to remove calculus?

A

lateral and back

30
Q

which surface is most effective?

lateral
face
back
point

A

lateral

31
Q

whats the power distribution of the surfaces?

lateral
face
back
point

A

point>face>lateral>back

32
Q

when can the point be used?

A

to fracture large deposits

33
Q

how is the USS and curette similar when it comes to adaptation?

A

Transverse orientation: lateral surface adapted above or just below the gingival margin

34
Q

how is the USS and probe similar when it comes to adaptation?

A

vertical orientation: lateral surface adapted below the gingival margin

35
Q

How is the USS and currette used differently when it comes to removing calculus

A

curettes remove bottom up, USS remove by crushing it top down

36
Q

how does the tip remove calculus?

A

by creating microfractures

37
Q

match:

tapping stroke
sweeping motion

light deposit
heavy deposit
deplaquing

A

tapping stroke= heavy
sweeping= light
sweeping= deplaquing

38
Q

where are the aerosols getting contaminated from?

A

usually rebounded off the patient

39
Q

what can be done to reduce contamination from the patient?

A

preprocedural rinse
barrier protection for both you AND the patient
high volume evacuation

40
Q

the power knob adjusts _____

amplitude
frequency
both (overall power)

A

amplitude: length of the stroke

41
Q

what is a sign of inadequate water being used?

A

heated handpeice

42
Q

T or F

its better to use more water than less water

A

T

43
Q

what is the advantage of using a 30k Hz over a 25k Hz magnetostrictive scaler?

more efficient in removing deposits
more efficient in power usage
creates less noise

A

creates less noise

practically no difference overwise

44
Q

which one of these are NOT patient contraindications to the use of USS?

unshielded pacemaker
uncontrolled diabetes 
TB
immunosuppressed
chronic pulmonary disease
asthma
children
difficulty breathing
all are contraindications
A

uncontrolled diabetes

45
Q

which one of these are NOT tooth contraindications to the use of USS?

porcelain
gold
amalgam
composite
demineralized teeth
implants 
all are contraindications
A

all are contraindications

46
Q

how much wear must the tip wear out for it to be thrown out?

A

2 mm

47
Q

how less effective is 1 mm or wear? 2 mm of wear?

A

25% - 50%

48
Q

where is the power concentrated in the handpeice?

A

last 2-4 mm of the tip

49
Q

how do you measure the wear of the tip?

A

Hu-Freidy guide

50
Q

T or F

the beavertail tip is used supra and subgingivally and is used to remove large deposits and stains.

A

F, not subgingivally everything else is true

51
Q

T or F

the standard Diameter universal tip is used supra and subgingivally near the margin.

A

T

52
Q

T or F
slim diameter straight tip can be used throughout any depth in a pocket but does not adapt well to the curved surfaces of posterior teeth?

A

F, only to a depth of 4 mm, rest is true

53
Q

what can be used to adapt to the curvature of post. teeth?

A

the curved slim tip

54
Q

which tip can be used a depths greater than 4 mm?

A

the curved slim tip

55
Q

which tip is best used for furcations?

slim diameter straight tip
curved slim tip
beavertail tip
standard Diameter universal tip

A

curved slim tip

56
Q

T or F

for best tactile feedback, the instrument should be on

A

F

57
Q

T or F

its better to used a ball tip rather than a curette to remove calculus in furcations.

A

T, adapts to the curvature better

58
Q

how is the fluid controlled during the use of instrumentation?

A

widen vestibule for posterior

pull lower lip for anterior teeth

perio (4 decks)

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