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Clinical Medicine > Ultimate Reviewer HEENT > Flashcards

Ultimate Reviewer HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

Rhinoscopy (ndi dapat tamaan

A

Nasal septum

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2
Q

polyps

A

Medial meatus

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3
Q

Family history

A

Migrane

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4
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease

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5
Q

button like

A

Chancre in syphillis

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6
Q

maplike

A

Geographical

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7
Q

caused by deficiency in riboflavin and niacin

A

Smooth tongue

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8
Q

ear pull (adults

A

Up and back

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9
Q

unilateral painless

A

Retinal wall

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10
Q

examining the oropharynx use a tongue depressor

A

Distal hall of tongue

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11
Q

white optic disc and tiny vessel are absent

A

Optic atrophy

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12
Q

fissured tongue

A

Appeared with increasing age

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13
Q

nutritional deficiency (cold sore

A

Angular chelitis

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14
Q

caused by trauma

A

Sub conjunctival hemorrhage

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15
Q

Tug test painful in

A

Otitis externa

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16
Q

Riboflavin def. and chemotx

A

Smooth

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17
Q

Exposure to sumlight

A

Lip carcinoma

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18
Q

Factor to carcinoma

A

Actinic chelitis

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19
Q

Worsen in noisy environmanet

A

Sensorineural hearing loss

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20
Q

better seen further away Central loss

A

Presbyoptic

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21
Q

Button like infection

A

Angular chelitis

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22
Q

Sign of lip canar

A

Actinic chelitis

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23
Q

Deacrease facial mobility and characteristic stare

A

Parkinson’s disease

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24
Q

Head is elongated with bony prominence of the forehead, nose and lower jaw

A

Acromegaly

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25
Q

swelling usually appears first in the eyes and in the morning

A

Nephrotic syndrome

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26
Q

hair is dry, coarse and sparse with periorbital edema. Lateral eyebrows thin

A

Myxedema

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27
Q

Red cheeks, hirsutism and “moonface

A

Cushing syndrome

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28
Q

May accompany lipid disorders

A

Xanthelasma

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29
Q

Tearing is prominent. Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is also noted

A

Dacrycocytitis

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30
Q

Usually points inside the lid rather that the lid margin

A

Chalazion

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31
Q

A painful, tender red infection in a gland at the margin of the eyelids

A

Sty

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32
Q

Drooping of eyelids

A

Ptosis

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33
Q

nausea and vomiting, possible loss of consciousness, neck pain

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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34
Q

cause myasthenia gravis, damage to the oculomotor nerve (CN III), damage to the sympathetic nerve supply ( Horner’s syndrome

A

Ptosis

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35
Q

the margin of the lower lid is turned outward, exposing the palpebral conjunctiva

A

Ectropion

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36
Q

-‐ swelling between the lower eyelid and the nose

A

Inflammation of the Lacrimal Sac (Dacryocystitis)

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37
Q

small affected pupil, reacts briskly to light and near effort, ptosis present, loss of sweating on forehead, heterochromia

A

Horners syndrome

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38
Q

small, irregular pupils that accomodate but do not react to light indicate CNS syphilis

A

Argyle Robertson pupils

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39
Q

Normal arterial wall is transparent; Normal light reflex is narrow

A

Normal arterial wall is transparent; Normal light reflex is narrow

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40
Q

occasionally a portion of a narrowed artery develops such as an opaque wall that has no blood is visible within it

A

Silver wiring

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41
Q

tiny, round red spots seen commonly but not exclusively in and around the macular area; minute dilatations of very small retinal vessels, but the vascular connections are too small to be seen opthalmoscopically

A

Micro aneurysm

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42
Q

formation of new blood vessels; more numerous, more tortuous, and narrower than other blood vessels in the area and form disorderly looking red arcades

A

Neurovascularization

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43
Q

marked arteriolar venous crossing changes are seen, copper wiring of the arterioles is present. Cotton wool spot is seen just superior to the disc

A

Hypertensive retinopathy

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44
Q

-‐ tiny red dots/ microaneurysms

A

Nonproliferative Retinopathy ( Moderately severe)

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45
Q

-‐ new preretinal vessels arising on the disc extening across the disc margins. Visual acuity is still normal, but risk for visual loss is high

A

Proliferative Retinopathy ( Neovascularization)

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46
Q

firm, nodular, hypertrophic mass of scar tissue (binding) extending beyond the area of injury

A

Keloid

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47
Q

deposit of uric acid crystals characteristic of chronic tophaceous gout

A

Tophi

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48
Q

-‐ caused by bacterial infection earache, fever and hearing loss

A

Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion

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49
Q

weber’s test: sound lateralizes to good ear

A

Sensorineural loss

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50
Q

softening of the skin at the angles of the mouth, fissuring

A

Angular chelitis

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51
Q

appear on the lip, firm button-‐like lesion

A

Chancre of syphillis

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52
Q

normal tonsils may be enlarged; protrude medially beyond the pillars and even to the midline

A

Large normal tonsils

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53
Q

dull red, gray exudate (pseudomembrane) is present on the uvula, pharynx and tongue

A

Diphtheria

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54
Q

early sign of measles, small white specks that resembles grains of salt

A

Kopliks spots

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55
Q

-‐ ulcers develop in the interdental papilla

A

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

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56
Q

sides of these teeth show normal contours; sides, shaping of the teeth are unaffected

A

Hutchinson teeth

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57
Q

-‐ lost its papillae, deficiency in riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, Vit. B12, pyridoxine, iron

A

Smooth tongue (Atrophic Glossitis)

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58
Q

-‐ painful, round/oval ulcer that is white/yellowish gray and surrounded by a halo of reddened mucosa

A

Apthous ulcer (Canker sores)

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59
Q

Diffuse Enlargement

A

Endemic goiter

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60
Q

Enlarged skull may signify:

A

Hydrocephalus or Paget’s disease of Bone

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61
Q

20/200 vision meaning:

A

at 20 ft., the patient can read print that a person with normal vision could read at 200 feet

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62
Q

Absence of a red reflex:

A

Cataract (opacity of lens), detached retina, retinoblastoma

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63
Q

Light rays from a distance focus on the anterior of retina

A

Myopia

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64
Q

Light rays from a distance focus on the posterior of retina

A

Hyperopia

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65
Q

Loss of venous pulsation in pathologic conditions like head trauma, meningitis, or mass lesions may be an early sign of

A

Elevated ICP

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66
Q

Canal is swollen, narrowed, moist, pale, tender, reddened

A

Acute otitis externa

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67
Q

Unilateral Conductive hearing loss

A

Sound is heard in the impaired ear

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68
Q

Unilateral Sensorineural Hearing loss

A

Sound is hear in the good ear

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69
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

BC>AC

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70
Q

Mucosa is reddened and swollen

A

Viral rhinitis

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71
Q

Mucosa is pale, bluish, or red

A

Allergic rhinitis

72
Q

Basic landmark for palpating Thyroid gland

A

Thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage

73
Q

Nausea, Vomiting

A

Migraine

Subarachnoid

74
Q

Sudden movements of the head may be associated with

A

Brain tumor

75
Q

Spinning sensation

A

Vertigo

76
Q

Left Homonymous Hemianopsia

A

Right optic radiation

77
Q

Damage to Oculomotor nerve

A

Ptosis

78
Q

Eye no longer drains satisfactorily

A

Ectropion

79
Q

Bilateral Exopthalmos

A

Graves hyperthyroidism

80
Q

Unilateral exophthalmos

A

Graves’ disease
Tumor
Inflammation Of the orbit

81
Q

Painful, Tender, Red infection of the margin of the eyelid

A

Stye

82
Q

Pupil is large, regular and usually unilateral; reaction to light is severely reduced/ slowed or absent

A

Addie’s pupil

Tonic pupil

83
Q

Loss of venous pulsation; disc vessels more visible, more numerous

A

Papilledema

84
Q

Arteries show areas of focal/generalized narrowing

A

Hypertension

85
Q

Arteries become full and somewhat tortuous; Inc light reflex

A

Copper wiring

86
Q

Presence of cotton-‐wool spot

A

Hypertensive retinopathy

87
Q

Softening of the skin at the angles of the mouth followed by fissuring

A

Angular chelitis

88
Q

Firm lesion on the lip

A

Chancre of syphillis

89
Q

Reddened throat without exudate

A

Pharyngitis

90
Q

Smooth tongue that has lost its papillae

A

Atrophic glossitis

91
Q

Headache is severe and sudden onset

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Acute meningitis

92
Q

Sudden unilateral visual loss is pinless

A

Retinal detachment

93
Q

If visual loss is painful:

A

corneal ulcer/ uveitis/ acute glaucoma/ optic neuritis

94
Q

Bilateral and painless visual loss:

A

d/t cholinergics, anticholinergics and steroids/ Chemical, radiation exposure

95
Q

People having trouble understanding speech; noisy environment makes hearing worse:

A

Sensorineural loss

96
Q

Local cause of epistaxis

A

Trauma nose picking most common

97
Q

Enlarged blind spot

A

Glaucoma
Optic neuritis
Papilledema

98
Q

In primary position, R eye deviates laterally but cannot move medially

A

R medial rectus palsy

99
Q

Renal artery of HTN

A

Focal narrowing

100
Q

A portion of a narrowed artery develops such an opaque wall that no blood is visible with in it

A

Silver artery or silver wire artery

101
Q

most important attribute for head ache

A

Chronologic pattern

102
Q

Holding a pencil and moving toward the bridge of the nose

A

Convergence test

103
Q

Inspection of anterior nares is limited to

A

Vestibule

104
Q

In opthalmoscopic examination

A

The view is limited to posterior structure

105
Q

Benign lesion associated with antibiotic therapy

A

Hairy tongue

106
Q

Examination of LN is done by

A

Palpation

107
Q

Basic landmark of thyroid gland

A

Cricothyroid

108
Q

In opthalmoscopic Examination

A

The view is limited to posterior structure

109
Q
  1. A (-‐) lens is used in
A

Myopic eye

110
Q

Physical sign of retrosternal goiter

A

Venous engorgement

111
Q

Examinatin of the lymphnode is primarily by

A

Palpation

112
Q

Basic landmark for thyroid gland examination

A

Cricoid cartilage

113
Q

Primary lesion from posterior 2/3 of the scalp and nasopharynx

A

Posterior cervical storage

114
Q

Nasal flaring is associated with

A

Respiratory distress

115
Q

A hole in nasal septum is commonly caused by

A

Cocaine abuse

116
Q

Headache presents on aakening

A

Migraine

117
Q

Sudden unilateral painless visual loss

A

Uveitis

118
Q

Produce recurrent and painful eruptions of the lips and surrounding skin

A

Cold sore

119
Q

Maybe due to ill-‐fitting dentures

A

Angular chelitis

120
Q

Highly infectious, firm, button-‐like lesion that ulcerates and may become crusted

A

Chancre of syphillis

121
Q

Fair skin and prolonged exposure to the sun are common risks factors

A

Carcinoma of the lips

122
Q

It may be due to nutritional deficiency

A

Angular chelitis

123
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

One cause is otitis media
Voice maybe loud because hearing is difficult
Usual ageof onset childhood and adulthood, up to age 40

124
Q

Sensorineural loss

A

In weber test, sound lateralizes to good ear
In Rinne test, normal pattern prevails
Voice may be loud because the patient has trouble hearing his or her own voice
Sound lateral to good ear in Weber test
AC>BC, Rinne test

125
Q

Lesion in the posterior 2/3 of the scalp and nasopharynx

A

Sub scapular

126
Q

Retrosternal goiter

A

Venous engorgement

127
Q

Examination of the lymphnode

A

Palpation

128
Q

Ophalmoscopic examination

A

The view is limited to posterior structure

129
Q

A (-‐) lens is used in

A

Aphakic eyes

130
Q

Risk factors are fair skin, and prolonged exposure to sun

A

Carcinoma of the lips

131
Q

Nutritional insufficiency

A

Angular chelitis

132
Q

Painful vesicular lesions in angle of the mouth

A

Herpes simplex/ cold sore

133
Q

Unilateral, painless visual loss

A

Retinal vein occlusion

134
Q

Nasal flaring associated to

A

Respiratory distress

135
Q

Hole in the basal septum most common in

A

Repeated trauma in picking of crust

136
Q

Primary lesion from posterior 2/3 of the scalp and nasopharynx

A

Posterior cervical triangle

137
Q

An image from the upper nasal visual field strikes the

A

Lower temporal area

138
Q

Sees better when the card is farther away

A

Presbyopia

139
Q

Absence of red reflex indicates

A

Opacity of lens

140
Q

An enlarged blind spot occurs in

A

Optic neuritis

141
Q

Headache from errors of refraction include

A

Astigmatism

142
Q

Testing near reaction is used in diagnosis of

A

Argyll Robertson pupil

143
Q

Fixed defects (scotoma) are seen in

A

Retina

144
Q

Excessive tearing from increased production is due to

A

Corneal irritation

145
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Involuntary weight loss

146
Q

The tug test is painful in

A

Acute otitis externa

147
Q

Bilateral, painless change in refractory may be due to

A

Steroids

148
Q

Family history may be positive is

A

Migraine

149
Q

The eardrum itself is scarred, no landmarks visible, often closes in healing processs

A

Perforation of eardrum

150
Q

Arteries may show focal or generalized narrowing

A

Retinal arteries in hypertension

151
Q

Opaque wall and no blood visible

A

Silver wire

152
Q

Arteries close to the disc become full and somewhat torturous

A

Copper wire

153
Q

Arterial wall is invisible A-‐V crossing is visible

A

Retinal arteries in hypertension

154
Q

pupils that accommodate but do not react to light

A

Argyll Robertson pupil

155
Q

dialted pupil is fixed to light and near effort

A

Occulomotor nerve paralysis

156
Q

slow accommodation causes blurred vision

A

Aries pupil

157
Q

pupil is large regular, usually unilateral

A

Adies pupil

158
Q

causes include blunt trauma to the eyes, open-‐angle glaucoma

A

Anisocaria

159
Q

One kind of this diplopia is physiologic
Images are side by side
Caused by palsy of CN III or IV

A

Horizontal diplopia

160
Q

Images are on top of each other

A

Vertical diplopia

161
Q

May need i memorize

A

Na screen shot

162
Q

Cough, sneezing, changing position of the head can increase the pain from

A

Brain tumor

163
Q

Aging vision

A

Presbyopia

164
Q

Bilateral painful eye

A

Chronic radiation exposure

165
Q

Horizontal diplopia

A

Lesion 3 and 6

166
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

Noisy environment

167
Q

Perceived sound without external stimulus

A

Tinnitus

168
Q

Fever, pharyngeal exudates, anterior lymphadenopathy, no cough

A

Strep pharyngitis

169
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Weight loss

170
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Cold intolerance – hypo b. Preference of warm clothing – hypo c. Weight loss d. Decrease sweating – hypo

171
Q

Leading cause of blindness in African American and 2nd leading cause of blindness overall

A

Glaucoma

172
Q

Triangular thickening of bulbar conjunctiva

A

Pterygium

173
Q

Characteristic of optic atrophy

A

Tiny optic vessel

174
Q

Fullness and popping sound in the ear with mild conductive hearing loss and ear pain

A

Serous effusion

175
Q

Unilateral headache that can be localized behind the eyes

A

Cluster

Clinical Medicine (6 decks)

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