UL Muscles Flashcards
Sternocleidomastoid
O: manubrium and medial clavicle
I: mastoid process & lateral superior nuchal line
INN: CN XI (motor spinal part)
A: moves head and neck
Upper trapezius
O: medial superior nuchal line & external occipital protuberance
I: lateral clavicle
INN: CN XI (motor spinal part)
A: clavicular elevation; scapular elev, ADD, upward rot’n
Middle trapezius
O: ligamentum nuchae & C7-T12 spinous processes
I: acromion process & spine of scapula
INN: CN XI (motor spinal part)
A: scapular retraction/ADD
Lower Trapezius
O: ligamentum nuchae & C7-T12 spinous processes
I: medial spine of scapula
INN: CN XI (motor spinal part)
A: scapular depression & upward rotation
Subclavius
O: 1st rib
I: inferior middle 1/3 clavicle
INN: nerve to subclavius (C5-6)
A: pulls clavicle medially to stabilise SC joint
Levator scapulae
O: C1-4 transverse processes
I: medial border scapula above medial spine of scapula
INN: C3,4 ventral rami + dorsal scapular (C5)
A: scapular elevation, adduction & downward rotation
Rhomboid minor
O: ligamentum nuchae, C7 & T1
I: medial border scapula medial spine of scapula
INN: dorsal scapular (C5)
A: scapular elevation, adduction & downward rotation
Rhomboid major
O: T2-5 spinous processes
I: medial border scapula below medial spine of scapula
INN: dorsal scapular (C5)
A: scapular elevation, adduction & downward rotation
Serratus anterior
O: anterolateral ribs 1 to 10 I: medial, ventral border of scapula INN: long thoracic (C5-7) A: scapular protraction/ABD, upward rot’n, scapular elevation
Pectoralis minor
O: anterior ribs 3-5
I: corocoid process
INN: medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C6-T1)
A: scapular anterior tilt
Pectoralis major (sternocostal head)
O: sternum & 1st to 7th costal cartilages
I: lateral lip intertubercular sulcus of humerus
INN: medial & lateral pectoral nerves (C7-T1)
A: Ext, medial rotation
Latissimus dorsi
O: T7-12, lumbar & sacral spinous processes, posterior iliac crest & lower 3 ribs
I: intertubercular sulcus, inferior angle of scapula
INN: thoracodorsal (C6-8)
A: Ex, ADD, medial rot’n
Pectoralis major (clavicular head)
O: medial 2/3 clavicle
I: lateral lip intertubercular sulcus of humerus
INN: medial & lateral pectoral nerves (C5-6)
A: Fx, medial rotation
Deltoid
O: A = lateral 1/3 clavicle M = acromion process P = spine of scapula I: deltoid tuberosity INN: axillary (C5,6) A: A = Fx M =ABD P = Ex
Supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
INN: suprascapular (C5,6)
A: GHJ ABD & stabilisation
Infraspinatus
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
INN: suprascapular (C5,6)
A: GHJ lateral rotation & stabilisation
Teres minor
O: lateral dorsal scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
INN: axillary (C5,6)
A: GHJ lateral rot’n & stabilisation
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
INN: upper & lower subscapular (C5-6)
A: GHJ medial rotation & stabilisation
Teres major
O: dorsal inferior angle of scapula
I: medial lip intertubercular sulcus of humerus
INN: lower subscapular (C5-6)
A: GHJ medial rot’n, ADD, Ex
Coracobrachialis
O: coracoid process
I: medial midshaft humerus
INN: musculocutaneous (C5-7)
A: GHJ Fx, ADD
Biceps brachii long head
O: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
INN: musculocutaneous (C5-6)
A: GHJ Fx, elbow Fx, supination
Biceps brachii short head
O: coracoid process of scapula
I: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
INN: musculocutaneous (C5-6)
A: elbow Fx, supination
Brachialis
O: distal anterior humerus
I: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulnar
INN: musculocutaneous (C5-6)
A: elbow Fx
Triceps brachii long head
O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: olecranon of ulna
INN: radial (C5-7)
A: GHJ Ex, ADD, elbow Ex
Triceps brachii lateral head
O: pos. humerus above radial groove
I: olecranon of ulna
INN: radial (C5-7)
A: elbow Ex
Triceps brachii medial head
O: pos humerus below radial groove
I: olecranon of ulna
INN: radial (C5-7)
A: elbow Ex
Anconeus
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: olecranon of ulna
INN: radial (c6-8)
A: elbow Ex
Pronator teres
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna
I: midshaft radius
INN: median (C6-7)
A: pronation
Flexor carpi radialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: base of MC II + III
INN: median (C6-7)
A: wrist Fx, ABD
Palmaris longus
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
INN: median (C6-7)
A: weak wrist flexor
Flexor carpi ulnaris
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, proximal 2/3 ulna
I: pisiform, hamate, base of MC V
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: wrist Fx, ADD
Pronator quadratus
O: distal ulna
I: distal radius
INN: median (C8-T1)
A: pronation
Flexor digitorum superficialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna
I: mid phalanges 2-5
INN: median (C6-7)
A: wrist, MP/PIP 2-5 Fx
Flexor digitorum profundus
O: anteromedial ulna, interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanges 2-5
INN: lateral - median (C6-8), medial - ulnar (C8)
A: wrist, MP/PIP/DIP 2-5 Fx
Flexor pollicis longus
O: anterior radius, interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx 1
INN: median (C6-7)
A: MP/IP 1 Fx, weak wrist Fx
Brachioradialis
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
INN: radial (C5-6)
A: elbow Fx
Extensor carpi radialis longus
O: lateral supracondylar ridge and lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal base of MC II
INN: radial (C6-7)
A: wrist Ex, ABD
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal surface of MC III
INN: radial (C7-8)
A: wrist Ex, ABD
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus and ulna distal to radial notch
I: anterolateral radius distal to radial tuberosity
INN: radial (C6-8)
A: supination
Extensor digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: distal and middle phalanges 2-5
INN: radial (C6-8)
A: wrist, MP/PIP/DIP 2-5 Ex
Extensor digiti minimi
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: proximal phalanx 5
INN: radial (C6-8)
A: wrist, MP/PIP 5 Fx
Abductor pollicis longus
O: proximal radius and ulna, interosseous membrane
I: lateral edge of MC I
INN: radial (C6-8)
A: thumb ABD, wrist Ex
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of MC V
INN: deep radial (C7-8)
A: wrist Ex, ADD
Extensor pollicis brevis
O: pos. radius, interosseous membrane
I: proximal phalanx 1
INN: deep radial (C7-8)
A: MP 1 Ex, weak wrist Ex
Extensor pollicis longus
O: pos. ulna, interosseous membrane
I: distal phalanx 1
INN: deep radial (C7-8)
A: MP/IP 1 Ex, weak wrist Ex
Extensor indicis
O: pos. ulna, interosseous membrane
I: tendon of extensor digitorum
INN: deep radial (C7-8)
A: MP/PIP/DIP 2 Ex, weak wrist Ex
Abductor pollicis brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
I: lateral proximal phalanx 1
INN: median (C8-T1)
A: thumb ABD
Flexor pollicis brevis
O: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
I: proximal phalanx 1
INN: median (C8-T1)
A: thumb Fx
Opponens pollicis
O: flexor retinaculum, trapezium
I: lateral MC I
INN: median (C8-T1)
A: thumb opposition
Abductor digiti minimi
O: pisiform, FCU tendon
I: proximal phalanx 5
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: digit 5 ABD
Flexor digiti minimi
O: hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: proximal phalanx 5
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: digit 5 Fx
Opponens digiti minimi
O: hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: MC V
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: digit 5 opposition
Palmaris brevis
O: palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum
I: dermis
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: improves grip
Adductor pollicis
O: MC II + III, capitate,
I: base of proximal phalanx 1 and ext. hood
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: thumb ADD
Palmar interossei
O: metacarpal
I: extensor expansion
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: digit 2-5 ADD, MP 2-5 Fx, PIP/DIP 2-5 Ex
Dorsal interossei
O: adjacent metacarpals
I: extensor expansion
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: digit 2-5 ABD, MP 2-5 Fx, PIP/DIP 2-5 Ex
Lumbricales
O: tendons of FDP
I: radial side of extensor expansion
INN: ulnar (C8-T1)
A: MP 2-5 Fx, PIP/DIP 2-5 Ex
