UK in the 21st Century Flashcards
Describe the distribution of Population density in the UK.
> Highest in cities e.g. London, Glasgow
Mountainous regions like Northern Scotland have low population densities.
What are the problems with High Population density?
> Shortage of housing
Pressure on services like health care and schools
Describe the distribution of Rainfall in the UK.
The North and west of the UK generally have high rainfall
>The south and east of the UK generally have lower rainfall
>Rainfall tends to be higher in coastal areas
Describe how land is used across the UK?
> Most of UK (70%) is agricultural land.
Less than 10% of the UK is built on
Forests cover about 13% of the land.
Why is UK in Stage 4 in the DTM?
(Demographic Transition Model)
> Birth and death rate have fallen
They are quite low which shows population growth is slow.
Describe the change in Ethnic Diversity in London?
> Around 37% of the population were born in another country.
Ethnic Diversity in London has increases
The change was driven by an increase in the % of White non-British.
What is an ageing population?
> One that has increasingly high proportion of older people
What are the social effects of an ageing population?
> Healthcare services are under pressure because demand for care has increased
Many retired people do voluntary work, this benefits community
People may not be able to afford to have lots of children etc
What are the Economic effects of an ageing population?
> Taxes for working people rise to pay for healthcare and services.
Older people who aren’t working pay less tax so their contribution is less
Some older people look after their grandchildren so their children can work.
What are the responses for ageing population?
> The government is raising the age which people can claim their pension
The government is encouraging people to save their money to help pay for retirement
The government may need to raise taxes.
What are the changes driven by politics since 1997?
1997-2007:
>Investment in new technologies + University education
2008:
>Supported businesses so they don’t collapse + Decreasing taxes.
2009:
>Cut spending on public services + Provided training for job seekers.
What is an economic hub?
> Places where economic activity is concentrated
How has the economy of South Wales changed?
(6 Marks)
18th century- based on iron making and coal mining
Canals and rail networks were built to transport coal and iron.
20th Century- These industries were in decline due to foreign competition.
Unemployment levels were high and poverty rates.
1990s-EU gave millions to improve so they aimed to improve transport networks, attract businesses. E.g. they improve A465.
>This helped attract private investors and high-tech companies.
Name 2 organisation that UK is a part of?
NATO, UN, G7, UEFA
How does UK’s Media exports have a global influence?
(4 Marks)
> The different lifestyle, values and beliefs of UK residents become more widely known.
Most exported UK media are in English so people in other countries have a better understanding of the English language.
Seeing the UK portrayed positively attracts tourists and visitors
They can inspire people/companies to create/develop new media products.
