UI and UX shit

Question 1

what is human computer interaction

Answer 1

The study of people, computer technology and the ways these influence each otherach other.

User: Anyone trying to accomplish something
Computer Any technology
Interaction: any communication between a user and computer

Question 2

What are the aims of HCI

Answer 2

Enhance quality of interaction between humans and technology
ensure the technology is safe to use, has good utility, is effective and efficient
Gives users the best possible experience

Question 3

Types of interactions

Answer 3

Direct: Dialog with a feedback loop
Indirect: Background processing

Question 4

What are the consequences of bad user interface?

Answer 4

Time wasted of learning a system
Users may ignore the use of systems full functionality
Users may use an alternative system

Question 5

What is the importance of HCI and UX

Answer 5

• Avoid design/development of bad systems/products
• Design develop good systems/products
  Poor interface can turn a good system bad
  Good interface is important

Question 6

Core concepts of HCI: UCD

Answer 6

• iTERATIVE DESIGN PROCESS WITH A FOCUS ON USERS CONTEXT AND THEIR NEEDS
  iNCLUDES A MIXTURE OF INVESTIGATE AND GENERATE METHODS TO UNDERSTAND USERS NEEDS.
  aPPLICABLE TO ANY SERVICE OR PRODUCT

Question 7

User characteristics that influence interaction with technology

Answer 7

Perception
Memory
Attention

Question 8

Perception

Answer 8

Using our sensors to detect information
Using white spaces in texts makes it easier to perceive and locate

Question 9

Attention

Answer 9

The process of selecting something to focus on in a specific point in time.
May involve the use of other sensors: visual sense, auditory sense.
Peoples attention span is different

Question 10

Memory

Answer 10

The process of recalling a variety of knowledge so we can act appropriately:
LTM, STM

Question 11

STM

Answer 11

Short retention period
limited capacity
easy to retreive information

Question 12

LTM

Answer 12

High capacity
store information over a longer period
access is much slower than stm

Question 13

Implications for design

Answer 13

Make important information stand out
Avoid clutter
use colour graphics, underlining and FONT SIZES for different information Include ICONS/GUI elemants
Dont overload users memory
Support recognition over recall
support external recognition

Question 14

Usability and the usability components

Answer 14

The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to
achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency &
satisfaction in a specified context of use” (ISO, 1998)
▪ Usability components:
▪ Effectiveness: A measure of the extent to which specified users can use
the system to achieve a specific goal
▪ Efficiency: The resources expended to achieve a specific goal.
▪ Satisfaction: Acceptability of the system to users & others affected by its
use

Question 15

Design principles

Answer 15

Affordance: Attributes of an object that tells the user how the object
could be used
▪ Perceived affordance: The appearance that tells the user how to use
an interface object
Mapping: Shows the relationship between controls & their effect
▪ Feedback: Providing information about the user’s action & the effect
of that action
Visibility: signs that give the user clues as to what
actions are possible or required
▪ Constraints: Restrict the user’s behaviour to what is
allowable at a specific moment
Physical constraint: rely on the properties of the device
▪ Cultural constraint: rely on accepted cultural conventions
Consistency: using similar interface symbols to achieve
similar effec

Question 16

User Experience (UX)

Answer 16

User Experience (UX)
* UX is a users’ subjective feeling about a product
* UX is related to the experience of using a system
* Includes users’ emotions, beliefs, & preferences
* Looks at the relationship between a user & the product
* UX is influenced by prior experience
* UX can be positive:
* (e.g., exciting; pleasurable; motivating; happy; etc.)
* Or negative:
* (e.g., annoying; frustrating; irritating; boring; etc.)

Question 17

Dark patterns

Answer 17

Design features that subtly encourage or force users to perform
actions that benefit the company at the user’s expense
▪ Dark patterns take advantage of how users interact with an interface,
manipulating them to take certain actions

Question 18

Dark patterns can deceive users to:

Answer 18

Dark patterns can deceive users to:
▪ Pay more for a product/service
▪ Subscribe or opt in to communications from the company
▪ Share personal data for the company’s use
▪ Agree to unpleasant terms and conditions
▪ Make ill-informed decisions based on vague or incorrect information

Question 19

Why evaluate?

Answer 19

Why Evaluate?
* Users expect products that are usable & enjoyable to own & use
* It makes business sense…well-designed products is good for the
business bottom line!
* Allows designers to make informed decisions about the design
* Enables problems to be resolved before product deployment

Question 20

Evaluation with Eye-Tracking Technology

Answer 20

Evaluation with Eye-Tracking Technology
* Provides objective measurement of users’ perception
of an object or screen
* Measurements carried out by an eye-tracker that
records position of the eyes and their movements
* Eye trackers direct near-infrared light to the center of
the eyes (pupil), causing detectable reflections in the
pupils & cornea (outer-most optical element of the
eye)
* These reflections are tracked by an infrared camera
* Tracking users’ eye movements on a screen allows us
to learn about what is good and bad about interface
design

Question 21

Gaze plots

Answer 21

• Graphs showing a user’s sequence of fixation
• Gaze videos show an animated path of the
  customer’s fixations
  G

Question 22

heat maps

Answer 22

Indicate which parts of an object users looked
at, & how intensely they looked
* Red denotes the most intense fixations, yellow
moderate ones, and green the least intense ones.
* Areas with no colour indicate that users did not
fixate on those parts of the stimulus.