UE Structures Flashcards
Trapezius
O: Superior nuchal line, occipital protuberance, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
I: Clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
A: Superior (elevation), inferior (depression), Middle or all parts together (retraction)
N: Accessory N. (CN 11)
Deltoid
O: Inferior spine of scapula, lateral margins of acromion, anterior border of lateral clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: Anterior (flexion and medial rot.), Middle (abduction), and Posterior (extension and lateral rot.)
N: Axillary n. (C5, C6)
Levator Scapulae
O: Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
I: Superior angle of scapula
A: Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid fossa inferiorly by downwardly rotating scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular N. (C5) and Cervical N. (C3-C4)
Rhomboids
O: Minor (spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae) & Major (Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae)
I: Minor (medial border of scapula and above scapular spine) & Major (medial border of scapula and below scapula spine)
A: Retract and rotate scapula to depress glenoid and fixes scapula to thoracic wall
N: Dorsal Scapular N. (C4, C5)
Supraspinatus
O: Supraspinatus fossa of scapula
I: Greater Tubercle of humerus
A: Arm abduction & keeps head of humerus in contact with glenoid cavity (stability)
N: Suprascapular N. (C5-C6)
Infraspinatus
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Laterally rotate arm & keeps head of humerus in contact with glenoid cavity (stability)
N: Suprascapular N. (C5-C6)
Teres Minor
O: Lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Laterally rotate arm & keeps head of humerus in contact with glenoid cavity (stability)
N: Axillary N. (C5-C6)
Teres Major
O: Inferior angle of scapula
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus
A: Extension, adduction, and internal rotation
N: Lower Subscapular N. (C5-C6)
Pectoralis Major
O: Clavicular head (Anterior surface of clavicle), Sternocostal head (Anterior surface of sternum, first 7 costal cartilages)
I: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of arm
N: Clavicular head (Medial and Lateral Pectoral N.- C5,C6) & Sternocostal head (C7-T1 spinal n.)
Subclavius
O: First rib and it’s costal cartilage
I: Middle 1/3 of clavicle
A: Depresses clavicle down forward
N: Nerve to subclavius (C5-C6)
Pectoralis Minor
O: Ribs 3-5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Elevates ribs and draws scapula down and medially
N: Medial Pectoral N. (C8-T1)
Serratus Anterior
O: Ribs 1-9
I: Costal surface of medial border of scapula
A: Protraction and rotation of scapula
N: Long Thoracic N. (C5-C7)
Subscapularis
O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus
A: Medially rotate and adduct arm & keeps humerus head in contact with glenoid cavity (stability)
N: Upper and Lower Subscapular N. (C5-C6)
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Spinous processes of T7-L1, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3rd or 4th rib
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus and inferior angle of scapula
A: Adduction, extension, and medial rot. of humerus
N: Thoracodorsal N. (or middle subscapular) (C6-C8)
Coracobrachialis
O: Coracoid process
I: Mid-shaft of humerus on anterior medial surface
A: Adduction and flexion of arm
N: Musculocutaneous N. (C5-C7)
Brachialis
O: Anterior distal half of humerus
I: Tuberosity of ulna
A: Flexion of forearm
N: Musculocutaneous (C5-C6)
Biceps Brachii
O: Long head (supraglenoid tubercle of scapula), short head (coracoid process)
I: Radial tuberosity
A: Flexion and supination of forearm
N: Musculocutaneous N. (C5-C6)
Triceps Brachii
O: Long head (infraglenoid tubercle), Lateral head (posterior surface of humerus), and medial head (posterior surface of humerus)
I: Olecrannon
A: Extension of forearm, Long head (extension and adduction of arm)
N: Radial N. (C6-C8)
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O: Medial epicondyle and olecrannon
I: Pisiform, hamate, and 5th metacarpal
A: Flexes and Ulnar deviation (wrist adduction)
N: Ulnar N. (C7, C8)
Palmaris longus
O: Medial epicondyle
I: Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
A: Flexes wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis
N: Medial N. (C7, C8)
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O: Medial epicondyle
I: Base of metacarpals II and III
A: Flexes and radial deviation (wrist abduction)
N: Medial N. (C6-C7)
Pronator Teres
O: Medial epicondyle and coronoid process
I: Lateral surface midshaft of radius
A: Pronation
N: Medial N. (C6-C7)
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O: Medial epicondyle and margin of coronoid process and oblique line of radius
I: 4 tendons- middle phalanges of index, middle, ring, and little fingers
A: flexes wrist, flexes middle and proximal phalanges of digits 2-5
N: Median N. (C7, T1)
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O: Anterior and medial surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
I: 4 tendons- distal phalanges of index, middle, ring, and little finger
A: Flexes distal interphalangeal joints
N: Interosseous branch of medial and ulnar nerves (C8, T1)
Flexor Pollicus Longus
O: Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
A: Flexes distal phalanx at thumb
N: Median N. (C7-C8)
Pronator Quaratus
O: Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna
I: Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
A: Pronation
N: Median N. (C7-C8)
Brachioradialis
O: Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge
I: Lateral side of base of styloid process of radius
A: Flexes forearm at elbow
N: Radial N. (C5-C6)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O: Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge
I: Base of metacarpal II
A: Extends and radial deviation (wrist abduction)
N: Radial N. (C6,C7)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O: Lateral epicondyle
I: Base of metacarpal III
A: Extends and radial deviation (wrist abduction)
N: Deep branch of Radial N. (C7,C8)
Extensor Digitorum
O: Lateral epicondyle
I: 4 tendons (extensor hoods)- base of middle finger & phalanges of index, middle, ring, and little fingers
A: Extends index, middle, ring, and little fingers
N: Posterior Interosseous N. (C7, C8)
Extensor Digiti Minimi
O: Lateral epicondyle
I: Dorsal digital expansion on the 1st phalanx of little finger
A: extends little finger
N: Posterior Interosseous N. (C7,C8)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O: Lateral epicondyle and posterior border of ulna
I: Tubercle on base of medial side of metacarpal V
A: extends and ulnar deviation (adduction of wrist)
N: Posterior interosseous (C7, C8)
Anconeus
O: Lateral epicondyle
I: Olecrannon process and proximal posterior surface of ulna
A: Abduction of ulna in pronation to maintain center of palm over same point when hand is flipped, accessory extensor of elbow joint
N: Radial N. (C7-C8)
Supinator
O: Superior (Lateral epicondyle), Deep (Superior crest of ulna)
I: Lateral surface of radius posterior to anterior oblique line
A: Supination
N: Posterior Interosseous N. (C6, C7)
Abductor Pollicus Longus
O: Posterior surface of ulna and radius and interosseous membrane
I: Lateral side of base of metacarpal I
A: Abducts the carpometacarpal joint of thumb
N: Posterior Interosseous (C7-C8)
Extensor Pollicus Brevis
O: Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
I: Dorsal surface of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
A: Extension of thumb, ulnar deviation (wrist adduction)
N: Posterior interosseous N. (C7-C8)
Extensor Pollicus Longus
O: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
A: Extension of thumb, radial deviation (abduction of wrist)
N: Posterior interosseous n. (C7-C8)
Extensor Indicis
O: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Extensor hood of index finger
A: Extension of wrist and joints of second digit
N: Posterior interosseous n. (C7-C8)
