UE Orthoses Flashcards
What are the purposes of UE orthoses?
- Stabilize
- Immobilize
- Restrict
- Mobilize
What are the fit principles for UE orthoses?
- Do not pad a pressure area
- Total contact splinting
- Non-constricting straps
- Wide straps
- Flat straps
- Anchor wrist securely
- Pull straps toward you to secure
- Diagonal straps
- Allow for function
- Maintain normal arches
- Retain normal axis of rotation
- Permit balanced muscle function
- Provide for prehension
- Free up the palm for sensory input
Why do we not want to pad a pressure area?
Makes the brace even tighter, causing more pressure.
Why do we want total contact splinting?
Decreases the forces at any one area and helps spread out forces.
What strap characteristics do we want in a brace?
- Non-constricting
- Wide straps
- Flat straps
- Diagonal straps
- Pull towards you to secure
- Anchors wrist securely
With bracing we want to allow for _________ of whatever part is not braced.
function -overbracing causes disuse atrophy
We want to maintain normal _______ and _____ of _________.
arches and axis of rotation
With bracing we want to permit balanced __________ function.
muscle
We want to provide for prehension, which means what?
grasp
Why do we want to free up the palm?
sensory input
What are some common pressure areas?
- Dorsal MCP with dorsal splints
- Palmar MCP with c-bar splints
- Ulnar head
- Base of 1st metacarpal
- Center of palm for wrist cock-up splints
- Base of thenar eminence
- Proximal end of splint
Categories of splints?
- Articular vs nonarticular
- Static vs Dynamic
What is an articular splint?
Splint that crosses a joint whether or not it allows motion.
What is a nonarticular splint?
Does not cross a joint.
What is a static splint?
Does not allow motion.
What is a dynamic splint?
Allows motion.
Static Splints:
- Can be _________ or _________
- Placed in either ________ position or proper resting position for injury/deformity
- Immobilize
- Provide protection
- Preserve Joint __________
- Decrease ________
- Prevent __________
- Pressure to healing scars
- articular or nonarticular
- anatomical
- alignment
- spasticity
- contracture
Motion Blocking Static Splints allow motion in _____ direction and limit motion in the other direction.
one
Static Progressive Splints allow for gradual _________ of tissue and is modified as a patient progresses.
elongation
-via creep
Dynamic Splints assist with __________.
mobiliation
Dynamic Splints are usually used with ______ injuries.
nerve
Dynamic With Motion Blocking Splints assist in one directions but allow ________ motion in the opposite direction.
limited
SPECIFIC DIAGNOSIS
SPECIFIC DIAGNOSIS
Humeral Fractures braces used?
Humeral Fracture Brace
-may cast if needed
A Carpal Tunnel Brace keeps them in some wrist _________ and disallowing _______.
- extension
- flexion
RA bracing will vary depending on what?
Location of synovitis.
- Swan neck
- Ulnar drift
- Ulnar drift with wrist stabilizer
Dequervain’s Syndrome Splinting involves stabilizing the _________.
thumb (CMC and possible MCP)
With a Scaphoid Fracture you must immobilize the _____.
CMC
- often not seen on x-ray
- if pain still after 1 week, will be treated like a scaphoid fracture
What is Depuytren’s Contracture?
Progressive shortening in palmar aponeurosis and fascia.
Depuytren’s Contracture Splinting involves providing _______ pressure and holds _____ in extension.
- palmar
- MCP
What is Gamekeeper’s Thumb?
Strain or tear of ulnar collateral ligament of 1st MCP.
NERVE INJURIES
NERVE INJURIES
Median Nerve Muscles?
- 1st and 2nd lumbricals
- FPL, FPB
- APB
- Opponens pollicis
Ulnar Nerve Muscles?
- 3rd and 4th lumbricals
- interossei
- ADD pollicis
Radial Nerve Muscles?
-Wrist extensors
Median Nerve Splints involve maintaining the thumb in ________ and also bringing digits 2 and 3 MCP into ________.
- opposition
- flexion
Ulnar Nerve Splints involve maintaining digits 4 and 5 MCP into ________.
flexion
Radial Nerve Splints involve ________ assist braces into extension.
-dynamic
- Lateral Epicondylitis straps go _________.
- What do they do?
- distally
- Change insertion point of extensor muscles so that when forces are transmitted up they stop where the brace is.
