UE Musculature Flashcards by Samantha King

Muscles of shoulder extension

Latissimus Doris
Posterior deltoid
Teres major

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Muscles of shoulder abduction

Supraspinatus

Middle deltoid

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Muscles of adduction

Pectoralis major
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres major

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Muscles of lateral rotation

Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Posterior deltoid

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Muscles of medial rotation

Subscapularis
Teres major
Pec major
Latissimus Dorsi 
Anterior deltoid

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Deltoid

O:Lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N: axillary nerve (C5,C6)
A: Clavicular part flexes and medial rotates the arm, acromial part abducts the arm, the spinal part extends and laterally rotates the arm

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Coracobrachialis

O: Tip of coracoid process of scapula
I: Middle third of medial surface of humerus
N: Musculocutaneous (C5,C6)
A: Flex and adduct arm, resists shoulder dislocation

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Biceps brachii

O:
Short head: tip of coracoid process
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
N: Musculocutaneous (C5,C6)
A: Supinates forearm and when Supinates flexes forearm, flexes arm
Short head resists shoulder dislocation

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Pectoralis major

O:
Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 CC, aponeurosis of external oblique
I: Lateral lip of intertubercular surface of humerus
N: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves; Clavicular head (C5,C6), stern all head (C7,C8,T1)
A: Adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anterior and inferior
Acting along: Clavicular head flexes the humerus and sternal head extends it from a flexed position.

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Latissimus Dorsi

O: SP of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3 or 4 ribs
I: Floor of intertubercular surface of humerus
N: Thoracodorsal (C6,C7,C8)
A: extends, Adducts and medially rotates humerus, raises the body towards arms during climbing.

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Teres major

O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I: Medial lip of intertubercular surface of humerus
N: Lower subscapular nerve (C5,C6)
A: Adducts, medially rotates, and extends the arm

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Supraspinatus

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve (C4,C5,C6)
A: Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm

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Teres minor

O: middle part of lateral border of scapula
I: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: axillary nerve (C5,C6)
A: Laterally rotates the arm, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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Infraspinatus

O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)
A: laterally rotates the arm and helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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Subscapularis

O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
N: upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,C6,C7)
A: medially rotates and Adducts the arm; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

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Muscles of elbow flexion

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis

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Muscles of elbow extension

Triceps brachii

Aconeus

Muscles of forearm supination

Biceps brachii

Supinator

Muscles of forearm pronation

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

Brachialis

O: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
I: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
N: Musculocuntaneous nerve (C5,C6)
A: flexes forearm in all positions

Brachioradialis

O: proximal 2/3 if lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus
I: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process
N: Radial (C5,C6,C7)
A: Relatively weak flexion of forearm, maximal when forearm is in midpronated position

Triceps brachii

O:
Long head: infra glenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove
Medial head: posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
I: proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
N: Radial nerve (C6,C7,C8)
A: extends forearm

Anconeus

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of humerus
N: Radial nerve (C7,C8,T1)
A: assists triceps in extending forearm, stabilizes elbow joint, abducts ulna during pronation

Supinator

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus: radial collaterals and annular ligaments, Supinator fossa
I: lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius
N: deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8)
A: Supinates forearm

Pronator Teres

O: Ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus I: middle convexity of lateral surface of radius N: median nerve (C6,C7) A: pronates and flexes forearm at elbow

Pronator quadratus

O: distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna I: distal quarter of anterior surface of radius N: AIN from median nerve (C8,T1) A: pronates forearm, deep fibers bind radius and ulna together

Flexor Carpi radialis

O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: base of 2nd metacarpal N: Median nerve (C6,C7) A: flexes and abducts hand at wrist

Flexor Carpi ulnaris

O: olecranon and posterior border I: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal N: Ulnar nerve (C7,C8) A: flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist

Palmaris longus

O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: distal half of flexor retinaculum N: median nerve (C7,C8) A: flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis

Muscles of wrist flexion

Flexor Carpi radialis Flexor Carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus

Muscles of wrist extension

Extensor Carpi radialis longus Extensor Carpi radialis brevis Extensor Carpi ulnaris

Radial deviation

ECR FCR EPL EPB

Ulnar deviation

ECU | FCU

Extensor Carpi radialis longus

O: lateral supra epicondylar ridge of humerus I: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd Metacarpal N: radial nerve (C6,C7) A: extend and abduct hand at the wrist

Extensor Carpi radialis brevis

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal N: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8) A: extend and abduct the hand at the wrist joint Active during fist clenching.

Extensor Carpi ulnaris

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna I: dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal N: PIN (C7,C8) off of radial nerve A: extends and adducts hand at wrist joint

Extensor pollicis longus

O: posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane I: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb N: PIN (C7,C8) A: extends distal phalanx of thumb at IP joint, extends MCP and CMC joints

Extensor pollicis brevis

O: posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane I: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: PIN (C7,C8) A: extends proximal phalanx of thumb at MCP joint, extends MCP joint

Flexor digitorum superficialis

O: Humeroulnar:medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna Radial: oblique line of radius I: shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits N: Medial (C7,C8,T1) A: Flexes PIP of middle 4 digits, flexes proximal phalanges at MCP joints

Flexor digitorum profundus

O: proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane I: bases of distal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits N: digits 2 and 3- median nerve (C8,T1/ AIN) Digits 4 and 5- ulnar nerve (C8,T1) A: flexes DIP joints of digits 2-5 and assists with wrist flexion

Muscles of shoulder flexion

Anterior deltoid Coracobrachialis Pectoralis major Biceps brachii