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Medications and vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Lithium carbonate

A

Bipolar medication

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2
Q

Tricyclic antidepressant side effects

A 
distrubed balance
postural hypotension
falls/ fractures
increased HR 
dysrhythmias
ataxia
seizures
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3
Q

Thymus

A

part of the lymphatic system

where T cells or T lymphocytes mature

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4
Q

spleen

A

production and removal of blood cells

filter of blood

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5
Q

Hyperkalemia and the heart

A

decreased rate and force of heart contraction
widened PR interval and QRS
tall T waves
flattened p wave

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6
Q

hypokalemia and the heart

A

flattened T waves or inverted
widened PR and QT intervals
u wave
arrhythmias, may progress to v-fib

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7
Q

hypermagnesemia and the heart

A

magnesium is a calcium blocker

can lead to arrhythmias or cardiac arresst

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8
Q

hypomagnesemia

A

can lead to ventricular arrhythmias
coronary artery vasospasm
sudden death

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9
Q

S1 heart sounds are decreased with which condition

A

1st degree heart block

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10
Q

S2 heart sounds are decreased with what condition

A

Aortic stenosis

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11
Q

systolic heart murmur

A

heard between S1 and S2
may be due to valvular disease (mitral valve prolapse)
may be normal

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12
Q

diastolic heart murmur

A

heard between S2 and S1

usually indicates valvular disease

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13
Q

thrill heart murmur

A

an abnormal tremor accompanying a vascular or cardiac murmur

felt on palpation

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14
Q

p wave

A

atrial depolarization

.06-.12 sec

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15
Q

PR interval

A

time required for impulse to travel from atria through conduction system to Purkinje
AV delay allows for atrial kick
.12-.2 or 3-5 small boxes

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16
Q

QRS

A

ventricular depolarization

.04-.1 or 1-2.5 boxes

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17
Q

ST segment

A

beginning of ventricular repolarization

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18
Q

T wave

A

ventricular repolarization

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19
Q

QT interval

A

time for electrical systole

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20
Q

paroxysmally

A

abrupt onset

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21
Q

High lateral wall changes LV seen in what leads

A

1 and AVL

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22
Q

Inferior wall LV changes seen in what leads

A

2,3, AVF

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23
Q

Posterior wall changes seen in what leads

A

V7-V9

24
Q

Anterolateral wall changes seen in which leads

A

V5-V6, 1, aVL

25
Q

Anteroapical changes seen in which leads

A

V3,V4

26
Q

Anteroseptal changes seen in which leads

A

V1, V2

27
Q

Anterior wall changes seen in which leads

A

V1-V6

28
Q

lateral views seen in which leads

A

V4-V6

29
Q

Which lead looks to RA

A

aVR

30
Q

hypercalcemia and the ECG

A

widens QRS, shortens QT interval

31
Q

Hypocalcemia and the ECG

A

prolongs QT interval

32
Q

hypothermia

A

elevates ST segment

slows rhythm

33
Q

Digitalis and ECG

A

depresses ST segment
flattens or inverts T wave
QT shortens

34
Q

Quinidine and ECG

A

QT lengthens
T wave flattens or inverts
QRS lengthens

35
Q

Beta blockers actions

A

decreases HR, contractility, myocardial demand
blunts HR response to exercise
control arrhythmias, chest pain

36
Q

Nitrates (nitroglycerin)

A 
increases HR
decreases preload through vasodilation
reduces myocardial oxygen demand
reduces chest discomfort
dilate coronary arteries and improve coronary blood flow
37
Q

Antiarrhythmic and ECG

A

prolong QRS and QT intervals

38
Q

RBC norms

A 
M= 4.6-6.2
F= 4.2-5.9
39
Q

ESR

A

rate at which RBC sediment in 1 hour

m=

40
Q

CRP

A

enzyme produced by the liver in response to inflammation

41
Q

ACE inhibitor action

A

inhibit conversion of angiotension 1 to 2 and decreases Na retention and peripheral vasoconstriction
decrease blood pressure

42
Q

ACE Inhibitor examples

A

Captopril (capoten)
enalopril (vasotec)
lisinopril (zestril)

43
Q

ARBs

A

Losartan (cozaar)
blocks binder of angiotension 2 at the tissue/smooth muscle level
decreases BP

44
Q

beta blocker examples

A

atenolol (tenormin)
metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol, XL)
Propranolol (inderall)

45
Q

calcium channel blocker examples

A

diltiazem (cardizem, procardia)

amlodipine (Norvasc)

46
Q

calcium channel blockers

A 
inhibit flow of calcium ions
decrease HR and contractility
dilate coronary arteries
reduce BP
control arrhythmias and chest pain
47
Q

antiarrhythmic actions

A 
4 main classes
alter conductivity
restore normal heart rhythm
control arrhythmias
improve cardiac output
48
Q

antiarrhythmic examples

A

quinidine

procainamide

49
Q

digitalis

A

increases contractility
decreases HR
mainstay in the treatment of CHF

50
Q

Diuretics

A

decrease myocardial work
- reduce preload and afterload
control hypertension

51
Q

diuretic examples

A

furosemide (Lasix)

Hydrochlorothiazide (esidrix)

52
Q

Aspirin

A

decreases platelet aggregation

may prevent MI

53
Q

Tranquilizers

A

decrease anxiety

sympathetic effects

54
Q

hypolipidemic agents action

A

6 main cholesterol lowering drugs

reduce serum lipid levels when diet and weight reduction are not effective

55
Q

hypolipidemic examples

A

Cholestyramine (Questran)
Colestipol (Colestid)
simvastatin (Zocor)
Lovastatin (mevacor)

56
Q

thrombolytic medications

A

streptokinase
tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)
urokinase

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