UE & Back Muscle Actions Flashcards
Muscles that retract the scapula
- Trapezius
- Rhomboid Minor and Major
- Levator Scapulae
Muscles that elevate the scapula
- Trapezius (superior part)
- Rhomboid Minor and Major
- Levator Scapulae
Muscles that extend the humerus
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis Major (sternocostal head extends the flexed humerus)
- Deltoid (spinal part)
- Triceps Brachii
Muscles that adduct the humerus
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis Major
- Subscapularis
- Teres Major
- Coracobrachialis
- Triceps Brachii
Muscles that medially (internally) rotate the humerus
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis Major
- Deltoid (clavicular part)
- Subscapularis
- Teres Major
Muscles that rotate the glenoid cavity superiorly
- Trapezius
- Serratus Anterior
Muscles that depress the scapula
- Trapezius (inferior part)
Muscles that rotate the face away
- Trapezius (unilaterally, if scapula is fixed)
- Semispinalis Capitis
Muscles that rotate the face towards
- Splenius Capitus and Cervicis (unilaterally)
- Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
- Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Muscles that laterally flex the neck
- Trapezius (unilaterally, if scapula is fixed)
- Levator Scapulae (unilaterally, if scapula is fixed)
- Splenius Capitus and Cervicis (unilaterally)
- Iliocostalis Cervicis (unilaterally)
- Longissimius Cervicis (unilaterally)
- Spinalis Cervicis and Capitis (unilaterally)
Muscles that extend the neck
- Trapezius (bilaterally, if scapula is fixed)
- Levator Scapulae (bilaterally, if scapula is fixed)
- Splenius Capitus and Cervicis (bilaterally)
- Iliocostalis Cervicis (bilaterally)
- Longissimus Cervicis (bilaterally)
- Spinalis Cervicis and Capitis (bilaterally)
Muscles that rotate the glenoid cavity inferiorly
- Latissimus dorsi
- Rhomboid Minor and Major
- Levator Scapulae
Muscles that maintain erect posture
- Iliocostalis Lumborum and Thoracis (bilaterally)
- Longissimus Thoracis (bilaterally)
- Spinalis Thoracis (bilaterally)
Muscles that extend the vertebral column
- Iliocostalis Lumborum and Thoracis (bilaterally)
- Longissimus Thoracis (bilaterally)
- Spinalis Thoracis (bilaterally)
Muscles that laterally flex the vertebral column
- Iliocostalis Lumborum and Thoracis (unilaterally)
- Longissimus Thoracis (unilaterally)
- Spinalis Thoracis (unilaterally)
Muscles that extend the head
- Semispinalis Capitis
- Rectus Capitis Posterior Major and Minor
- Obliquus Capitis Superior
Muscles that extend the spine
- Semispinalis Cervicis and Thoracis
- Multifidus
- Rotatores Longus and Brevis
- Interspinalis
Muscles that rotate spine away
- Semispinalis Cervicis and Thoracis
- Multifidus
- Rotatores Longus and Brevis
Muscles that are involved in proprioception
- Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior
- Rotatores Longus and Brevis
Muscles that flex the humerus
- Pectoralis Major (clavicular head)
- Deltoid (clavicular part)
- Biceps Brachii
- Coracobrachialis
Muscles that protract the scapula
- Serratus Anterior
Muscles that stabilize the scapula
- Pectoralis Minor (stabilizes scapula by depression and protraction)
- Serratus Anterior (stabilizes scapula against thoracic wall)
Muscles that laterally (externally) rotate the humerus
- Deltoid (spinal part)
- Infraspinatus and Teres Minor
Muscles that abduct the humerus
- Deltoid (acromial part)
- Supraspinatus
Muscles that hold humeral head in glenoid cavity
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus and Teres Minor
Muscles that flex forearm
- Biceps Brachii (flexes supine forearm)
- Brachialis
- Pronator Teres
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
- Brachioradialis (most force mid-pronation)
Muscles that supinate the forearm
- Biceps Brachii
- Supinator
Muscles that resist shoulder dislocation
- Biceps Brachii (short head)
- Triceps Brachii (long head)
Muscles that pronate forearm
- Pronator Teres
- Pronator Quadratus
Muscles that flex hand at wrist
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Palmaris Longus
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
- Flexor Digitorum Profundus
- Flexor Pollicis Longus
Muscles that abduct hand at wrist (radial flexion)
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
- Abductor Pollicis Longus
- Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Longus
Muscles that adduct hand at wrist (ulnar flexion)
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Muscles that flex MCP joint (digits 2-5)
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
- Flexor Digitorum Profundus
- Extensor Digitorum
Muscles that flex PIP joint (digits 2-5)
- Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
- Flexor Digitorum Profundus
- Extensor Digitorum
Muscles that flex DIP joint (digits 2-5)
- Flexor Digitorum Profundus
- Extensor Digitorum
Muscles that extend hand at wrist
- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
- Extensor Digitorum
- Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Extensor Indicis
Muscles that abduct pollex (radial flexion)
- Abductor Pollicis Longus and Brevis
Muscles that flex pollex
- Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Muscles that adduct pollex
- Adductor Pollicis
Actions of - Extensor Indicis
- Extend hand at wrist
- Extend index finger (2nd digit)
Actions of Extensor Indicis
- Extend hand at wrist
- Extend index finger (2nd digit)
Muscles that extend pollex
- Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Longus
What is the one action of Opponens Pollicis?
Oppose pollex
What is the one action of Abductor Digiti Minimi?
- Abduct 5th digit (pinky)
What is the one action of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis?
- Flex PIP joint of 5th digit (pinky)
What is the one action of Opponens?
- Oppose 5th digit (pinky)
What muscles flex 1-5 of MCP joint?
1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Lumbricals
What muscles extend 1-5 of PIP joint?
1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Lumbricals
What muscles extend 1-5 of DIP joint?
1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Lumbricals
What are the actions of the Dorsal Interossei (DAB)?
- Abduct 2nd digit laterally, 3rd digit on both directions and 4th digit medially
- Flex MCP joint at digits 2-4
- Extend PIP joint at digits 2-4
- Extend DIP joint at digits 2-4
What are the actions of the Palmar Interossei (PAD)?
- Adduct 2nd digit medially, 4th and 5th digits laterally
- Flex MCP joint at digits 2, 4, 5
- Extend PIP joint at digits 2, 4, 5
- Extend DIP joint at digits 2, 4, 5
