UCSP Flashcards
our groups of people, regularly, consciously interact with one another
Social group
are people who exist in the same place at the same time but you do not interact or shared a sense of identity
Aggregates
are people who exist in the same room place at the same time, but who do not interact or share a sense of identity
Category
usually fairly small and is made up of individuals to generally engage face-to-face in a long-term emotional way have expressive function
Primary group
our task oriented and time-limited serve as instrumental functions rather than expressive one meeting that there is more goal or Task oriented than emotional
Secondary group
are groups we compare ourselves to, which provides standard of measurement.
REFERENCE GROUP
the smallest possible size of a group consists of two members.
This can be usually seen in the nuclear family, marriage, and friendship.
These situations allow the members of the group know each other and share immediate reactions.
DYAD
has three members.
Small groups normally have strong sense of connection but small groups usually struggle when it comes to asserting their goals and opinions against larger groups.
Small groups are for intimate relationships while larger groups are usually aiming to complete one task or promote advocacies concerning different sectors of the society.
TRIAD
are large groups composed of people and have emphasis on alignment against the other groups.
It is unavoidable to have clique within
larger group, or internal faction.
The larger the group, the lesser the focus to one another; the greater in number, the lesser the intimacy one has to another.
COALITIONS
is a community of persons, more or less numerous, occupying a definite portion of earth’s surface, having its own government, through which the inhabitants render habitual obedience free from outside control.
STATE
CEPI
Coalition for Epidemic Preparednes Innovations
UNICEF
the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
is a community of persons, more or less numerous, occupying a definite portion of earth’s surface, having its own government, through which the inhabitants render habitual obedience free from outside control.
STATE
which formulate the will of the state i.e. performs law- making functions.
Legislative
enforces and implements the laws i.e. performs the law- application functions.
Executive
which applies the laws to specific cases and settles the disputes i.e. performs adjudication functions.
Judiciary
•It holds that the state was created by God for the people. •
•The State its advocates maintain was Created by God and governed by His deputy or vicegerent. •
•He (God) sent His deputy to rule over them. •
•The ruler was divinely appointed agent and he was responsible for his actions to God alone. •
•As the ruler was the deputy of God, obedience to him was held to be religious duty and resistance a sin. •
•To complain against the authority of the ruler and characterize his actions as unjust was a sin for which there was divine punishment.
Divine Theory
•The people have agreed to established the state to their common benefit. •
•It postulates a state of nature as the original condition’s mankind and a social contract. •
• The state of nature was not an organized society. •
•Each man living therein led a life of his own, uncontrolled by any laws of human imposition. Force
Social Contract Theory
•It was established through the use of force in order for people to follow. •
•Emphasizes the origin of the State in subornation of the weak to the strong. •
•A person physically stronger than captured and enslaved the weak.
•Having increased the number of his followers, over whom he exercised undisputed authority, he became a tribal chief. •
•The powerful conquered the weak this process of conquest and domination continued till the victorious tribe secured control over a definite territory.
Force Theory
•It maintains law, order and stability, resolves various kinds of disputes through the legal system; •
•It provides common defense; •
•Looks out for the welfare of the population in ways that are beyond the means of the individual, such as implementing public health measures; •
•Provide mass education and underwrites expensive medical research and; •
•And it operates in the interests of various dominant groups, such as economic classes and racial and ethnic groups.
FUNCTIONS OF STATE
•These are institutions which are not owned and controlled by the government.
•Some non-state institutions are either for profit or non-profit and some are for personal investments and financial assistance.
NON STATE INSTITUTION
is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits
•can take place in formal or informal
EDUCATION
can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational
Education
The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.
The government of the Philippines has been very active in tapping the educational system for the country’s development efforts.
With the adoption of the K to 12 programs, it hoped that Philippine Educational System is now responding to the demands of the economy for national development.
EDUCATION
TYPES OF EDUCATION
FORMAL EDUCATION
NON - FORMAL EDUCATION
INFORMAL EDUCATION
●It is an institutional activity because the process is done in schools, colleges, and universities.
●It follows hierarchical structure from primary to secondary to tertiary education leading to completion of certificates, diplomas, and/or degrees.
●It follows a standardized, well-defined and organized curriculum that conforms to the
FORMAL EDUCATION
It is a process of learning derived from an organized and systematic education activity working either separately or as a special feature of a formal education institution.
●Its curriculum is flexible, diversified in content and method because it should conform to the needs of the identified group of learners.
NON - FORMAL EDUCATION
It is a lifelong process where learning comes naturally from the daily experience as a result of exposure in dealing with people.
●It does not require a specific educational institution or set of curriculums.
INFORMAL EDUCATION
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●Development as an individual of a human being.
●Moral and spiritual development.
●Cultural development.
●Harmonious development
●Promote positive physical development
●Development of a right person
●Development of good citizenship
●Development of good leadership
●Emotional and mental development
●Character building
AIMS OF EDUCATION
INDIVIDUAL
Through education, the child should be provided with the required assistance to become a productive and well-adjusted member of the society, irrespective of the socioeconomic status.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
SOCIAL
Education should prepare the child to earn though his livelihood so that he can lead a productive life in the society.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
VOCATIONAL
Development of intelligence through education will enable the child to lead an independent life with confidence.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
INTELLECTUAL
●By undergoing education, child becomes cultured and civilized.
●Cultural development is through development of aesthetic sense and respect for others’ culture.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
CULTURAL
●Moral values like honesty, loyalty, tolerance, justice, self-control and sincerity promote the social and moral standards set by the society
AIMS OF EDUCATION
MORAL
●Education enables the children to grow as productive citizens by following the social and moral standards set by the society.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
GOOD CITIZENSHIP
Stratification is a process of interaction or differentiation whereby some people come to rank higher than others.
▪Social Straification is defined as the arrangement of any social group or society into hierarchy positions that are unequal with regard to power property social evaluation, and/or psychic gratification.
▪Social stratification is particular form of social inequality.
▪All societies arrange their members in terms of superiority, inferiority and equality.
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
▪is structed and hierarchical ranking of individuals based on their family, occupation, income, wealth and (social political) power.
▪ For sociologist, it is the pattered inequality in society that is due to the unequal access
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
The members are divided into social classes or sets of people sharing similar socioeconomic status. Generally, there are three classes in every society
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
refers to the level or category where persons have more or less the same socio-economic privileges in society.
Social Class
refers to the position of an individual or group within a social structure
. Social Status
refers to the behavior expected of a person
Social Role
is the ability to secure one‘s ends in life, even against opposition. The degree to which one directs, manages, or dominates others.
Power or Authority
refers to the rights over goods and services. How much of the resources of society are owned by certain individuals and how much do they gain and earned everytime
Property or Wealth
implies social judgment that a status or position is more prestigious and honorable than others.
The degree of honor one‘s position evokes.
It also includes the fame one attains upon reaching a certain degree of prestige.
Prestige or Social Evaluation
This is the change of position of a person to another position of the same rank. For example, when a chemistry teacher decides to shift to another job that requires his/her skills in chemistry, he/she is practicing horizontal social mobility because he/she will experience a similar level of difficulty and status in the new position.
Horizontal Social Mobility
Happens when a person moves from one social class to another.
A successful engineer who once was a poor working student in a state university is an example of a person who experiences vertical social mobility.
Vertical Social Mobility
is the social movement or mobility occurring from one generation to the next. It is a phenomenon wheree a child attains higher or lower social status than his parents.
Intergenerational mobility
refers to social movement occurring within an individual’s lifetime.
Intragenerational mobility
