UC and crohns

Question 1

When do both diseases peak?

Answer 1

Late adolescence and early adulthood

Question 2

what factors do people believe cause CIBD?

Answer 2

intestinal epithelial dysfunction
aberrant mucosal immune response
genetic susceptibility
altered intestinal flora

Question 3

What gene is believed to be involved in the development of crohns?

Answer 3

NOD2

Question 4

what is affected in UC?

Answer 4

only the large bowel; rectum and colon

Question 5

why is the rectum always affected in UC?

Answer 5

the disease extends proximally so starts at the rectum

Question 6

what is the distribution in UC?

Answer 6

continious

Question 7

what layers are involved in UC?

Answer 7

mucosal layer only

Question 8

are crypts and granulomas seen in UC?

Answer 8

Granulomas are not seen

crypts are seen

Question 9

what is the clinical presentation of UC?

Answer 9

Bloody diarrhoea
lower abdo pain and cramps
rectal bleeding

Question 10

where does Crohns affect?

Answer 10

can affect any part of the GI from the mouth to the anus

Question 11

where is crohns most likely to affect?

Answer 11

terminal ileum

proximal colon

Question 12

what is the distribution seen in crohns?

Answer 12

patchy and discontinious

Question 13

what type of ulcers are seen in crohns?

Answer 13

deep, fissuring that look like knife clefts

Question 14

what layers are affected in crohns?

Answer 14

its trans-mural so all layers

Question 15

granulomas can be present in crohns, what is a granuloma?

Answer 15

an aggregate of active epithelioid histiocytes

Question 16

what illness is described as having a cobble stone appearance and why?

Answer 16

Crohns due to the surviving mucosa looking like cobbles surrounded by fissuring ulceration

Question 17

Adhesions can present in crohns, what are these?

Answer 17

A band of fibrous scar tissue that binds together with separate anatomical structures. in crohns normally the loops of bowel and intra-abdominal organs.

Question 18

Fistulas can present in crohns disease, what are these?

Answer 18

an abnormal connection between two epithelial surfaces for example bowel to bowel (enteroenteric)

Question 19

what is the clinical presentation of crohns disease?

Answer 19

chronic diarrhoea, abdominal pain, weight loss

Question 20

what one has the highest risk of colorectal cancer?

Answer 20

UC

Question 21

what is faecal calprotectin?

Answer 21

A protein found in neutrophils degranulation during inflammation means its released. During inflammation increased levels will be found in faeces.