UA

Question 1

ex-lax

Answer 1

red urine

Question 2

blood

Answer 2

red urine

Question 3

rifampin

Answer 3

organe urine

Question 4

metronidazole

Answer 4

brown urine

Question 5

profofol

Answer 5

red urine, green urine

Question 6

uti in patients with catheters

Answer 6

purple urine

Question 7

blue diaper syndrome

Answer 7

blue urine

Question 8

hepatobiliary disease

Answer 8

brown urine

Question 9

methylene blue

Answer 9

greeen urine

blue urine

Question 10

Beets

Answer 10

red urine

Question 11

vitamin c

Answer 11

orange urine

Question 12

utis

Answer 12

green urine

Question 13

fava beans

Answer 13

brown urine

Question 14

hemoglobinuria

Answer 14

red urine

Question 15

phenazopyridine

Answer 15

orange urine

Question 16

levadopa

Answer 16

brown urine

Question 17

alkaproteinuria

Answer 17

black urine

Question 18

asparagus

Answer 18

green urine

Question 19

indomethacin

Answer 19

blue urine

Question 20

chemotherapy

Answer 20

red urine

Question 21

melanoma

Answer 21

black urine

Question 22

uric acid crystals

Answer 22

TLS, hyperuricosuria

Question 23

Cystine crystals

Answer 23

cystinuria

Question 24

magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals

Answer 24

staghorn calculi

Question 25

what does squamous epithelium cells in the urine mean

Answer 25

contamination not clean catch urine

Question 26

hyaline cast

Answer 26

heavy exercise and diuretics

Question 27

calicum oxidate crystals

Answer 27

nephrolithiasis

Question 28

RBC casts

Answer 28

glomerulonephritis, vasculitis

Question 29

WBC cast

Answer 29

acute pyelonephritis, tubule interstitial nephritis

Question 30

Waxy cast

Answer 30

advanced renal failure

Question 31

muddy- brown granular cast

Answer 31

acute tubular necrosis

Question 32

Fatty cast

Answer 32

nephrotic syndrome

Question 34

indication for infection

Answer 34

bacteria

leukocyte esterase positive

WBC>10

nitrate positive

RBCs

Ph increaced

Question 35

lumbar puncture contraindications

Answer 35

Local skin infections

Increased ICP

Coagulopathy - platelet count less then 50,000, patelete dysfunction, INR greater than 1.4

Poor patient cooperation

Question 36

what is collected in each tube for lumbar puncture?

Answer 36

Tube 1- cell count and differential

Tube 2- glucose and protein

Tube 3- culture andgram stain

tube 4- cell count and differental

in tube 1 there should be a little blood from the puncture by the time you get to tube 4 there should be little blood

Question 37

where do you do a lumbar puncture?

Answer 37

L3-L4 or L4-L5

Dura of cauda equina

Question 38

In a CSF analysis if the sugar is low what should yuo expect to see?

Answer 38

Bacterial infection- bacteria eat the sugar

Question 39

What would normal spinal fluid look like?

Answer 39

clear

cloudy- infection

Question 40

If there is blood in the in the 4th tube of lumbar puncture what should you expect?

Answer 40

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

NO blood in the 4th tube subdural hematoma

Question 41

Traumatic Puncture vs subarachnoid hemorrage

Answer 41

Traumatic Puncture

• CSF- low
• Duration of bleeding- decreases when CSF is withdrawn
• Clotting- present
• Repeat lumbar puncture- not blood
• centrifugation- clear fluid

Subarachnoid hemorrage

• CSF- high
• Duration of bleeding- no change in color when CSF is withdrawn
• Clotting- Absent
• Repeat lumbar puncture- bloody
• centrifugation- Xanthochromia

Question 42

Synovial fluid analysis indications?

Answer 42

Joint pain

Joint- swelling

Joint effusion

Question 43

What does gout have an wht does psuedogout have?

Answer 43

Gout- uric acid cyrstals

Pseudogout- calclium phsopahte crystals

Question 44

How to differentiate between septic and imflammatory synovial fluid?

Answer 44

both appear the same but the culture for inflammatory will be negative but the culture for septic joints will be positive

WBC in spetic willbe > 80,000 and polys will be > then 75%