U6: Test Review Flashcards
Children are afraid of unfamiliar people.
Stranger anxiety, takes place around 8 months of age
Piaget stage when children can perform math transformations and conservation
Concrete operational stage; ages 7-11
What areas have Piaget identified where kids can’t see other people’s perspectives
Egocentrism
When children have empathy, can view world from dif. perspectives
Theory of mind
Children see a cow and call it a moose, before learning they are called “cows”
Assimilation
Schema
A way to organize thoughts/ideas into a concept
“No, that is a cow.” Modifying the schema/new schema
Accomodation
Children learn to sit up, crawl, stand
Physical maturation
How are infants brains different compared to adults brains?
Less neural connections/synapses
Psychologists who study how people change throughout life
Developmental psychologists
Who was studying cognitive development?
Jean Piaget
Which theory was related to how children/adults develop socially
Erikson’s psychosocial development theory
Who researched monkeys?
Harlow, studied attachment
Erik Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development
Trust vs. mistrust
The first stage, which occurs from birth to one year of age. Infants learn to trust others based on the quality of their caregivers.
Autonomy versus shame and doubt
Children develop a sense of independence and self-control, and learn what’s right and wrong.
Initiative versus guilt
Children learn to explore, make decisions, and initiate activities. If they are criticized or controlled, they may develop a sense of guilt.
Industry versus inferiority
Children learn to be productive and accept evaluation of their efforts. If they are discouraged, they may feel inferior or incompetent.
Erik Erikson’s stage of psychosocial development (p2)
Intimacy versus isolation
Young adults form intimate relationships with others.
Generativity versus stagnation
Adults strive to create or nurture things, such as through parenting or contributing to the community.
Integrity versus despair
People accept the life changes they experience and assess the meaning of their contributions.
Monkeys chose which surrogate mother?
The cloth one (comfort)
What was the confounding variable?
Faces of surrogate mothers were different
Baby ducks are born and attach to first thing they see
Imprinting
Why is developmental psychologists interested in twins
See how genes are expressed, especially when reared apart (nature vs. nurture)
Babies think and object is gone when no longer visible
Object permanence
