U3AOS2 Photosynthesis Flashcards
Photosynthesis
Biochemical pathway, plants synthesis nutrients from sunlight.
Word Formula
Carbon Dioxide + Water (sunlight)—>(chlorophyll) Glucose + Oxygen + Water
Chemical Formula
12H20+ 6C02-(LIGHT AND CHLOROPHYLL→ 6C02+12H20+C6H206
Anabolic or Catabolic
Anabolic
Photoautotropic
Most plants, using solar energy to power photosynthesis
Chemoautotropic
Some plants, using chemical energy (from INORGANIC substances) to power photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Organelle, contains a chemical called chlorophyll - stored in stacks of thylakoid discs called grana, liquid surrounding the grana is called the stoma
Chloroplast CHARACTERISTICS
Double membrane, contains own GENETIC MATERIAL, contains ribosomes, effected by temp and pH
Saturation Point
All enzymes are being used completely, rate cannot be increased anymore.
Chlorophyll
Protein pigment, stores sunlight
Stages of Photosynthesis
Light Dependent and Light Independent
Light Dependent Stage FORMULA
light + water + (NADP+) + (ADP + Pi) → NADPH + ATP + oxygen
AT THYLAKOID MEMBRANES
Light Independent Stage FORMULA
carbon dioxide + NADPH + ATP → (NADP+) + (ADP + Pi) + glucose
AT STROMA
Light Dependent Stage STEPS
- light is absorbed by chlorophyll, which traps it.
- chlorophyll breaks water down to oxygen and hydrogen. (exergonic)
- NADP+ and hydrogen join together to form NADPH. (hydrogen must be bonded)
- ADP + Pi → energy used to break down water is used to form ATP (endergonic)
Light Independent Stage STEPS
- carbon dioxide (one carbon) and RuBP (five carbon) (ribulose bisphosphate) are joined together to make a six carbon molecule. - CARBON FIXATION (rubisco - enzyme that does carbon fixation)
- six carbon breaks into two three carbon molecules
- steps one and two repeat to make more RuBP(CALVIN BENSON CYCLE) → NADPH drops off hydrogen into cycle and turns unloaded → ATP drops off phosphate, turns unloaded (cycle makes glucose)
