U3 Chapter 7 Vocab Flashcards
Diffusion
Processed by which a cultural trait spreads from one place to another overtime.
Like military conquest, missionary work, trade, migration, mass media, Internet
Cultural hearth
Where a cultural trait originates from an initially diffuse from
Expansion diffusion
When a specific culture spreads outward from where it originated people from that culture don’t relocate. Three types: contagious diffusion, hierarchical, diffusion, and stimulus diffusion.
Contagious diffusion
When an idea/trait spreads adjacently or to other places or people that are next to or adjoining one another. Spreads regardless of social status, wealth power or power
Like when a disease spreads person to person.
Hierarchical diffusion
Spread of an idea/trait from person/place of power/authority to other people/places.
Like a fashion trend starting with model and going down to regular people
Stimulus diffusion
When a fundamental idea behind a cultural trait, stimulates a new innovation. John Deere used model of cast-iron plow to make the steel bladed plow. He took the idea from another location and adapted it to work for his region. Veggie burgers in India
Relocation diffusion
Spread of cultural traits or ideas through the movement/relocation of people (individual or groups).
Like Christianity, spreading to America’s when Spanish came.
Acculturation
People within one culture, adopt traits of another will still retain in their own distinct culture.
Like Muslim women who move to western cultures and adopt fashion trends, but still wear hijabs.
Assimilation
Type of acculturation, where two cultures interact, and one adopts almost all customs of the other culture. Someone is in distinguishable from others in the culture.
Like Germany requiring oral and written tests for citizenship.
Syncretism
Process of innovation, combining different cultural features into something new.
Santería, which is a religion is a combination of Roman Catholicism in African religions.
Multiculturalism
Sharing cultural features with others around them, but having some original cultural traits. Diverse holidays.
Like many religions in USA because there are many cultures.
Cultural appropriation
Active adopting elements of another culture.
Like wearing clothes from another culture.
Collectivist cultures
Where people are expected to conform to collective responsibility within the family, and to be obedient and respectful to elder family members.
Like Africa and Asia.
