U2- Electrochemistry Flashcards
displacement
an element displaces another element from a compound
addition
one molecule attaches to another across a double bond
decomposition
a substance breaks down into one or more smaller particles
condensation
produces a small molecule byproduct, usually water
oxidation
loss of electrons
increases in oxidation number
gain O2/ loss of H
reduction
gain of electrons
decreases in oxidation number
loss of O2/ gain of H
what type of reaction is a redox reaction
displacement
oxidant/ oxidising agent
reactant that cause another substance to be oxidised (what is reduced)
reductant/ reducing agent
reactant that causes another substance to be reduced (what is oxidised)
oxidation number
measure of electron density around an atom, compared to its elemental form (sign b4 no.)
Ox rule: 1
sum of oxidation numbers = total charge
Ox rule 2 and 3
2: F= -1
3: G1= +1, G2= +2
Ox rule 4
H bonded to non metals = +1
H bonded to metal = -1
Ox rule 5
Oxygen = -2 unless in peroxides the O= -1
Ox rule 6
If 2 or more different G7 elements present, more electronegative one is -1
KOHES
Key element
balance oxygens
balance hydrogens
balance charges by adding electrons
STATES
(separate into 2 half equations)