U2-2 - Everyday Consumer Products (and Energy from Fuels)

Question 1

Name this functional group

Answer 1

Hydroxyl

Question 2

All alcohol names end in … .

Answer 2

–ol

(e.g. ethanol)

Question 3

What is missing from the name?

Butanol

Answer 3

Location of OH group

(butan-2-ol)

Question 4

Which side do we number the carbon chain from (left or right)?

Answer 4

Right - must give lowest possible number to OH group (3-methylbutan-1-ol).

Functional groups take priority over alkyl groups (so C=C or OH over CH₃ or C₂H₅)

Question 5

General formula for alkanols

Answer 5

C_nH_2n+1OH

Question 6

How are alcohols made in industry?

Answer 6

Via hydration of alkenes

Question 7

Name this type of reaction

Answer 7

Dehydration

Question 8

E_h = cm∆T​

What is ∆T​?

Answer 8

Water temperature change (after heating)

Question 9

E_h = cm∆T​

What are the units for m?

Answer 9

kg

Question 10

E_h = cm∆T​

What is m?

Answer 10

Mass of water being heated

(NOT mass of fuel!)

Question 11

E_h = cm∆T​

What is the value of c?

Answer 11

4.18

(can be found in the data booklet)

Question 12

E_h = cm∆T​

What are the units for E_h?

Answer 12

kJ (kilojoules)

Question 13

How many carbons in the longest chain?

Answer 13

5

You can’t have branches at the start/end of the chain!

Question 14

What type of compound is this?

Answer 14

Carboxylic acid

Question 15

Name this functional group

Answer 15

Carboxyl

(NOT carboxylic acid)

Question 16

Carboxylic acid names end in ____ ______.

Answer 16

-oic acid

(e.g. ethanoic acid)

Question 17

The name of a carboxylic acid salt will end in _____.

Answer 17

-oate

(e.g. sodium ethanoate)

Question 18

Give two uses of vinegar

Answer 18

1. In household cleaners
2. To preserve food

Question 19

Vinegar is _________ acid.

Answer 19

ethanoic

Question 20

Name this type of compound

Answer 20

Ester

Question 21

Weak attractions between molecules

Answer 21

Intermolecular forces

Question 22

As molecule size increases, the forces between molecules get ______.

Answer 22

stronger

Question 23

Which will have the higher boiling point:

small alkane

large alkane?

Answer 23

Large alkane

(larger molecule = stronger intermolecular forces)

Question 24

Why do larger molecules have higher boiling points?

Answer 24

Stronger intermolecular forces

(compared to smaller molecules)

Question 25

Which is more soluble in water:

small alcohol

large alcohol?

Answer 25

Small alcohol

Question 26

When carboxylic acids react with metal carbonates, __________ ____________ gas is made.

Answer 26

carbon dioxide

Question 27

When carboxylic acids react with metals, __________ gas is made.

Answer 27

hydrogen