U1.4

Question 1

_________ is the impairment of the normal state or any of its components that hinders the performance of vital function.

Answer 1

Disease

Question 2

In particular, an ________________ is the damage or disruption in the structure or function of a tissue or organ caused by microorganisms or their products.

Answer 2

infectious disease

Question 3

The disease process may be arrested by the host immune system. In some cases, an individual may progress to a carrier state. In other cases, damaged tissues and organs may lead to dysfunction or _________ (L. morbidis — sick). Sometimes, damage to tissues may be severe enough to cause death — ____________.

Answer 3

morbidity; mortality

Question 4

Disease:

Not all our contacts with microorganisms leads to infection and not all infections lead to disease. There are other more factors that determine the occurrence of infection and/or disease. The fate of the acquired microorganism also varies with
what?

Answer 4

a. status of host defense
b. type of microorganism
c. the number of invading organism or the infectious dose.

Question 5

___________________ refers to the minimum number of microorganisms requires to cause observable infectious disease. For tuberculosis to develop, one must acquire at least 10 tubercle bacilli; 10^2 for shigellosis, 10^3 for gonorrhea, 10^4 for typhoid fever, 10^8 for cholera.

Answer 5

Infectious dose (ID)