U1 Module 2: Psychology's Big Issues and Approaches Flashcards
Nature-Nurture Issue
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experiences make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today’s science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture.
Natural Selection
The principle is that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likey be passed on to a succeeding generation.
Levels of Analysis
The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon.
Biopsychosocial Approach
An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.
Behavioral Psychology
The scientific study of observable behavior. and its explanation on learning.
Cognitive Psychology
The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
Evolutionary Psychology
The study of the evolution of behavior and mind, using principals of natural selection.
Humanistic Psychology
How we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve self-fulfillment.
Psychodynamic Psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how unconsciousness drives and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders.
Social-Cultural Psychology
The study of how situations and culture affect our behavior and thinking.
Psychometrics
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits.
Basic Research
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.
Biological Psychologist
Attempts to understand the relationship between the brian and the nervous system and their relationship to behavior.
Developmental Psychology
A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social changes through the life span.
Biological Psychology
The scientific study of the links between biological (genetics, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes.
Educational Psychology
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning.
Personality Psychology
The study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.
Social Psychology
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate, to one another.
Experimental Psychology
A diverse group of psychologists investigates a variety of basic behavioral processes.
Applied Research
Research designed to solve specific practical problems.
Industrial-Organization Psychology
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in the workplace.
Human Factor Psychology
An I/O psychology subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environment can be made safe and easy to use.
Counseling Psychology
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living and in achieving greater well-being.
Clinical Psychology
A branch of Psychology that studies assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders.
