U1 - DEVELOPLING CHILD/CARE Flashcards
what would be appropiate anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 5month old?
Peek a boo is an appropiate game for this age (3-6m)
- Don’t leave the child alone on changing table
a 3 year old child has a diagnosis of delayed growth/development r/t chronic illness, what would be a good outcome?
child will draw using large crayons
assessing language development would be assessing which developmental domain?
Cognitive
how much weight should a toddler gain?
4-6 lbs (from ages 1-3)
a toddler from a foreign country has delayed growth/development from poor nutrition, what could a nurse include in the care plan?
- allow toddler to choose foods w/in appropriate parameters
- consult with a dietician for high calorie high protein
how much weight should a infant gain from birth to 1 yr?
triple their birth weight
what does cephalocaudal mean?
Progression from head to toe
@ what are finger food incorporated?
12 months
at what age is gender identity the focus?
2 years
what Erikson’s stage are toddlers in?
Autonomy vs shame
what are the characteristics of Erikson’s autonomy vs shame?
independence, self sufficiency
- Chose clothing, dress independently
what Erikson’s stage are 3-6 year olds in (preschool)?
Initiative vs Guilt
Edu for Initiative vs Guilt stage?
Help pre schoolers master selfcare
what Erikson’s stage are school age children in (6-12)?
Industry vs Inferiority
what is included in industry vs inferiority?
sense of confidence through mastery
doing hw independently
what ages fall under Piaget pre-operational stage?
2-7
what does Piagets pre-operational stage consist of?
Not capable of logical thinking
Asking why & how questions @4-7
preoperational intuitive *
what ages are piagets formal operational stages?
11-15
Abstract thinking
what reflexes should be present at birth? (then naturally disappear)
Moro
Tonic
Rooting
what is the moro reflex?
Startle response when jarred, hands for C shape
what is the Babinksi reflex?
Turning of foot & spreading toes when sole is stroked
Goes away @ 12month
what age should the social smile develop?
6-8 wk
how much weight do infants gain from birth to 6m?
2x birth weight
@ 4m, what mile stone does the infant reach?
Babbling
when should the infant be able to hold head up while sitting?
6m
around what age are infants beginning to crawl?
8/9m
beginning to say “mama/dada” would be common at what age?
9-12m
when does the pincher grasp develop?
8-10m
Main milestone for toddlers?
- Ride tricycle @3
- single words/phrases “want drink”
- parallel play
what is the rule of thumb for time outs timing?
1min/1yr
what is a common injury for preschool age group? (3-6)
firearms!, burns, poison
what is necessary when potty training a preschooler?
assessing readiness
what type of play is common in toddlers?
Fantasy & associative
what type of questions would the toddler group ask?
“why” questions
what is metacognition? what age presents with metacognition?
- Thinking about thinking
school age 6-12
what is the average age of first menarche?
12
Can start as early as 8/10
when determining how infants behavior r/t attachment, what other assessment is appropriate to make?
cultural background
anticipatory guidance for parents of a toddler?
need constant supervision, don’t understand consequences can occur
how much weight should a toddler gain each year?
4-6lb
if a 14 year old is struggling with abstract thinking, how would they be classified according to Piaget?
behind in development
what information would be appropriate for the parents of a 14yr?
- peer influences is often stronger than fam
- may be able to give informed consent in some situations (preg/sti)
- growth is slowed but can still be significant
- can identify long term consequences
what is a possible complication of Duchenne’s? (disease)
Pneumonia
s/sx of Duchenne’s?
- Gowers sign
- Hypertrophied calf muscles
- Wide waddling gait
- Muscle wasting (quads)
what is gowers sign?
a tripod like stance to stand up
how can you help a toddler master autonomy vs shame/doubt?
offering them choices
what is the Erikson’s stage for infants?
trust vs mistrust
what are appropriate ways to disciple adolescents?
- Parental guidance r/t rules
- Focus on positives of their behavior
- Removing privileges
what may help comfort a child that a parent can bring with them?
something familar from home
what is most important to adolescents?
privacy
what is an appropriate pain scale for a 1-2m?
NIPS
(Facial expression, cry, breathing pattern, arms/legs)
what ages to use wong-baker faces scale?
3y+
in infants, what reflex/timing would present indicating a developmental issue?
6m old still having a Moro reflex
pain management for infants?
parent comfort
distraction
swaddle/pacificer
pain management for preschoolers?
medical play
allow participation
praise & reward!
school age pain management?
talking
explain in simple terms
deep breaths
play/interact with equipment
for a hospitalized infant, what would be a priority?
Minimize separation
what would you reassure parents of a hospitalized toddler about?
regression may occur & its normal
what could lead a preschooler to believe hospitalization is a punishment/their fault
their fantasy thinking
what is a school age child likely to fear?
death, abandonment, permanent injury
Allow them to verbalize fear
important safety teaching for toddlers?
Stranger danger, fire safety & playground safety
what type of play helps school age children work with others?
cooperative
if an infant looks at her mother when started, what can you conclude about her development?
good, secure –> can develop relationships
what’s important to assess before recommending a day care center for the parents & help child adapt?
the child’s temperament
can an 8 year old internalize rules? what should you do?
yes
allow them responsible for own actions
how should a parent react to their 8 year old not doing hw, recieving warnings for missing hw?
allow them to face the consequences
what should parents note when trying to set a bedtime routine?
any signs of fatigue/sleepiness
eye rubbing, yawning or fussiness
how many g’s of protein is recommended for bone health in toddlers?
13
iron & ca recommendation for toddlers?
7mg & 500mg
what is the recommended amount of protein for a preschooler?
19G
what is the recommended amount of Fe & Ca for a preschooler?
10mg & 800mg
