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Owo > U W U > Flashcards

U W U Flashcards

U W U

1
Q

Who is our regional entity?

A

WECC

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2
Q

What AGC do? 3 things

A
  • auto adjusts generation from a central location
  • uses computer to maintain load/gen balance
  • uses error signal called “area control error” to function
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3
Q

3 modes of AGC

A
  • tie line
  • flat frequency
  • flat tie line
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4
Q

What does a fault recorder do?

A

Logs critical current and voltage at time of fault

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5
Q

On what principle does a transformer operate

A

Magnetic induction

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6
Q

Do both reactors and capacitors absorb vars?

A

NO

Capacitors add vars, reactors absorb

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7
Q

Which has higher resistance, copper or aluminum

A

Aluminum

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8
Q

Definition of charging current (write it out)

A

Current that flows due to alternate charge and discharge of the line due to alternating voltage,

regardless of whether the circuit is closed or open-ended

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9
Q

List 5 wecc areas

A
  • northwest
  • rocky mountain
  • great basin
  • southwest
  • california
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10
Q

Define power factor

A

Pf= true power
—————–
apparent power

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11
Q

Do transformers make electricity

A

No

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12
Q

List 3 losses in a transformer

A

Hysteresis, eddy, copper I2R

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13
Q

What is an autotransformer

A

Single winding transformer that divides into 2 sections

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14
Q

What is an Instrument transformer

A

Steps down values to be read by meters

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15
Q

Power transformer

A

Transfers power w/voltages over 69kV

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16
Q

How do differential relays operate

A

Observes the incoming and outgoing currents and compares the differences

17
Q

Does a bird landing on a wire cause a fault

A

No

18
Q

4 transformer connection types, which types have phase shift and which don’t?

A

Delta-delta, wye-wye have no phase shift

Delta-wye or wye-delta have 30 degree phase shift

19
Q

What do differential relays protect, list 3

A
  • generators
  • transformers
  • bus sections
20
Q

What happens to frequency if a system is overgenerating

A

Frequency increases

21
Q

What is unit capability

A

Maz megawatts a generator can produce safely

22
Q

What is response rate

A

Rate of load change a generating unit can achieve for normal operating purposes

23
Q

What is heat rate

A

Amount of heat in BTUs required to produce 1 kwH of electrical output

24
Q

What is efficiency

A

Measure of how much output is received for a given input

25
Q

What is minimum load

A

Minimum amount of generation a generator can produce

26
Q

Function of RAS (list 4)

A
  • tripping selected generator units
  • shedding load
  • insetting capacitor or dynamic braking resistors
  • tripping selected transmission lines
27
Q

What is loop flow synonymous with

A

Parallel flow

28
Q

What type of equipment os included in BES (List 4)

A
  • individual generation resources over 20 mVA, or plant greater than 75mVA connected via a step up transformer to facilities operated 100kV or higher
  • lines operated at 100kV+
  • transformers w/ 100kv+ (primary and secondary)
  • associated equipment that could automatically trip a BES facility
29
Q

Solve for an unknown using Ohms law

A

Remember E = I x R

30
Q

What part of a generator is stationary

A

Stator

31
Q

Solve for an unknown using transformer turns ratios

A

Remember voltage proportional to turns

32
Q

Difference between switchyard and substation

A

Switchyard doesn’t have transformers

33
Q

Do capacitors increase or decrease indictive reactance

A

Decrease

34
Q

List 4 sources of reactive power

A
  • shunt capacitor
  • overexcited generators
  • line capacitance
  • synchronous condensors
35
Q

Operating principles

Which one measures distance from relay to location of fault

(Impedance)

A

Distance relays

36
Q

Operating principles

At each terminal; trips their associated circuit breaker unless a blocking signal is received

A

Directional comparison relay

37
Q

Operating principles

When relays at one end detect a fault, the pilot channel is turned on to signal to the other end that a fault has occured

A

Transfer trip

38
Q

Operating principle

Uses overcurrent fault detecting relays to compare the relative phase angles

A

Phase comparison

Owo (2 decks)

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