U 2 - Diversity of living organisms Flashcards
Characteristics of a virus
- Extremely small
- Non-cellular
- Not made up of cells
- No nucleus
- No cytoplasm
- No cell organelles/membranes
What are viruses made up of
Single central strands of DNA/RNA surrounded by protein coat
Are viruses particles cells? Explain why
No.
They don’t have metabolisms and don’t carry out the 7 characteristics of life. They cannot reproduce on their own without the help of another living host cell
How do viruses reproduce
Viruses invade host cells and take over their cellular activities and uses its energy and genetic material to make copies of themselves while killing the host cell from within
Feature of flowering plants
They have leaves, stems + roots
What are flowering plants made up of
Nucleus
Chloroplasts containing chlorophyll
Cell wall
How do plants feed
By converting water and mineral salts from the soil, and oxygen from the air and converting it by using light energy from sunlight
Def: Photosynthesis
Process where plants produce their own food by absorbing water, mineral salts and oxygen and converting it using light energy from sunlight
Name the 2 types of flowering plants
Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
Give 2 differences between dicot and monocot
Dicot
- has 2 cotyledons
- has wider leaves with a net vein pattern
Monocot
- has 1 cotyledon
- has narrow leaves with a parallel vein pattern
Difference between vertebrates and invertebrates
Invertebrates – organisms without backbone
Vertebrates – organisms with backbone
3 Eg. of invertebrates
Molluscs
Annelids
Anthropods
Name 2 adaptations of an octopus
- Shell inside body
- Long tentacles to catch food
3 Features of annelids
- Live on land + water
- Long cylindrical, segmented bodies
- Don’t have exo /endo skeleton
Adaptation of anthropods
- Covered in waterproof cuticle to protect + support body