U 2 - Diversity of living organisms

Question 1

Characteristics of a virus

Answer 1

• Extremely small
• Non-cellular
• Not made up of cells
• No nucleus
• No cytoplasm
• No cell organelles/membranes

Question 2

What are viruses made up of

Answer 2

Single central strands of DNA/RNA surrounded by protein coat

Question 3

Are viruses particles cells? Explain why

Answer 3

No.
They don’t have metabolisms and don’t carry out the 7 characteristics of life. They cannot reproduce on their own without the help of another living host cell

Question 4

How do viruses reproduce

Answer 4

Viruses invade host cells and take over their cellular activities and uses its energy and genetic material to make copies of themselves while killing the host cell from within

Question 5

Feature of flowering plants

Answer 5

They have leaves, stems + roots

Question 6

What are flowering plants made up of

Answer 6

Nucleus
Chloroplasts containing chlorophyll
Cell wall

Question 7

How do plants feed

Answer 7

By converting water and mineral salts from the soil, and oxygen from the air and converting it by using light energy from sunlight

Question 8

Def: Photosynthesis

Answer 8

Process where plants produce their own food by absorbing water, mineral salts and oxygen and converting it using light energy from sunlight

Question 9

Name the 2 types of flowering plants

Answer 9

Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons

Question 10

Give 2 differences between dicot and monocot

Answer 10

Dicot
- has 2 cotyledons
- has wider leaves with a net vein pattern
Monocot
- has 1 cotyledon
- has narrow leaves with a parallel vein pattern

Question 11

Difference between vertebrates and invertebrates

Answer 11

Invertebrates – organisms without backbone
Vertebrates – organisms with backbone

Question 12

3 Eg. of invertebrates

Answer 12

Molluscs
Annelids
Anthropods

Question 13

Name 2 adaptations of an octopus

Answer 13

• Shell inside body
• Long tentacles to catch food

Question 14

3 Features of annelids

Answer 14

• Live on land + water
• Long cylindrical, segmented bodies
• Don’t have exo /endo skeleton

Question 15

Adaptation of anthropods

Answer 15

• Covered in waterproof cuticle to protect + support body

Question 16

3 Features of insecta

Answer 16

• 1/2 pairs wings
• 3 pairs joined legs on thorax
• Body divided
  o Head
  o Thorax
  o Abdomen

Question 17

3 Adaptations of insecta

Answer 17

• Hard, rigid exoskeleton to protect against environmental conditions
• Exoskeleton covered w/ waterproof cuticle bc. waxy tissue prevents water loss by evaporation
• Have wings to fly away from predators + seek food

Question 18

2 Adaptations of centipedes

Answer 18

• Carnivore so they eat animals
• Poison claws to paralyse prey w/ poison released from claws

Question 19

5 Classes of vertebrates

Answer 19

Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

Question 20

3 Features of amphibians

Answer 20

• Eggs laid in water
• Larvae have gills
• Eardrum externally

Question 21

2 Adaptations of reptiles

Answer 21

• Eggs leathery shell to be resistant to drying, don’t look after eggs after laying them
• Cannot maintain body temp so they partly regulate temp by behaviour

Question 22

3 Features of mammals

Answer 22

• Mammary glands
• Diff types teeth
• Pinnae (earflaps)
• Sweat glands on skin