tyrone

Question 1

when did the rebellion start

Answer 1

1595

Question 2

what were the causes of the rebellion

Answer 2

anglo irish lords felt alienated by the monarchy
made worse with war with spain
break from rome increase religious tensions

Question 3

what were the long term causes

Answer 3

• tudor monarchs claimed to have the right to govern ireland
• plantations - land confiscated from rebels in munster were granted to english at a reduced price resulted in landlords increasing rents but lead to more english protestants coming into ireland
• english settlers and landowners seen as a threat to irish traditional system - clans and ruling families
• some argued that elizabeth neglected ireland which caused them to rebel. due to the financial pressures with spain expenditure on ireland was low
• elizabeths deptuty in ireland was old and failed to keep order allowing clan warfare to develop

Question 4

why was the rebellion serious

Answer 4

the rebellion coincided with a war with spain and further armadas being sent by philip II. it was a concern that ireland would let spain land their troops in ireland(confirmed in 1601 when spainish troops landed in kinsale)

• financial problems, she lacked resources to send to ireland
• tyrone had been able to capture fort on the river blackwater, which was a main entry into ulster
• tyrone defeated english forces at battle of yellow ford in 1598 which allowed him to control munster

Question 5

what were tyrones stregths

Answer 5

• he was able to raise a large rebel force and gained support across the whole country
• his control of ulster meant that he had access to resources and his forces were well trained
• tyrone himself was a competant leader and well trained in ambush
• knowledge of irish terrain and countryside allowed him to use guerrilla warfare

Question 6

what were the governments mistakes

Answer 6

• government were stretched because of financial demands from war
• many in ireland felt like they were isolated from england so had little reason to show loyalty
• earl of essex was sent to ireland but he wasted time and money. he only took 4000 men with him
• the speed with what mountjoy defeated tyrone suggests that it was government mistakes that lead to the longevity of the rebellion

Question 7

how threatening was tyrones rebellion

Answer 7

• rebellions in ireland were seen as more of a threat because they were so far away
• however they were more costly to put down and usually required a bigger force
• threatened by the foreign support - even though they didnt make an impact

Question 8

what were the changes in ireland

Answer 8

the country was part under english control- the pale was occupied by england under english law
- catholicism continued to grow due to missionaries. this increased the dislike for Protestantism
english influence was evidently limited

Question 9

why was tyrone such a threat to stability

Answer 9

-feuding was an everyday feature due to clan warfare
-country was only under part english control
- religion only divided the problem further
- the papacy and spain intervened at times which added to the threat and danger
- government policy caused growing resentment over english control made worse by the break from rome
-increasing english intervention since henry VIII
-government wanted to reduce the money spent on ireland but at the same time remain in control
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