Typical development School age

Question 1

What is LRE

Answer 1

Least restrictive environment, a term in IDEA that means a student should be placed with peers, fully included as much as possible

Question 2

What is IDEA

Answer 2

A federal law that provides for special education services for students with disabilities

Question 3

What is Section 504

Answer 3

A portion of a federal law that is an anti-discrimination law. In the schools, it allows for students to receive services they need to be able to attend school and not be discriminated against because of their disability. We use this law to provide services for children who are not eligible for special education, or who need services short term.

Question 4

What is ESSA

Answer 4

A federal law that replaces No Child Left Behind. It is a law for regular or general education that provides for services to prevent academic failure

Question 5

What is the order of development of writing grasps

Answer 5

Palmar supinate, digital pronate, static tripod, dynamic tripod

Question 6

What age is palmar supinate grasp used

Answer 6

Early in infant-toddler age (1-2 ish)

Question 7

What age does a child change to digital pronate

Answer 7

Usually about 2 ish years-

Question 8

What age does a child use a static tripod

Answer 8

Usually 3-4 years

Question 9

When does a dynamic tripod usually start

Answer 9

About 5 years of age

Question 10

When is hand dominance established

Answer 10

It should be there by 6 for sure, but majority of children have it much much earlier

Question 11

In order to be eligible for special education, often there needs to be assessment with what type of tool

Answer 11

Norm referenced

Question 12

A criterion referenced tool is best for a child with ____

Answer 12

known significant developmental delays (who wouldn’t be able to complete a norm referenced observational assessment)

Question 13

criterion referenced tools are good for _______

Answer 13

treatment planning and goal setting

Question 14

When treating using Ayres SI, any type of defensiveness is treated with activities that provide

Answer 14

DTP and prop

Question 15

Desensitization, where a child is slowly encouraged to “get used to” sensory experiences he or she dislikes is a form of ________________

Answer 15

behavioral FOR or behavioral tx

Question 16

The SOS approach is _______________

Answer 16

A feeding intervention that uses sensory and behavioral FOR together to improve a child’s ability to eat

Question 17

One sequence of visual-perceptual-motor skills develops _________________

Answer 17

matching (colors/shapes), naming (colors shapes), imitating drawing shapes, copying drawing shapes

Question 18

When treatment planning for visual motor skills using Ayres SI approach, you start with _____ and progress to _______

Answer 18

child and object both still (sitting and reaching to place a sticker on a face on the wall), to child or object moving (child on scooterboard to a bucket to place a bean bag in-OR- child on swing reaching for puzzle pieces on the floor- OR-child standing still and something rolled or thrown to the child) , to both child AND object moving (like the horse activity in lab- child swinging and trying to bat at a moving object or catch something thrown)

Question 19

the difference between VP and VPM is

Answer 19

VP is non motor, VP is matching same/different, discriminating shapes/sizes/directions, VP is recognizing letter forms, but VPM adds the motor component- so catching and throwing, tracing, design copy with blocks or drawings, copying letters or copying sentences from the board

Question 20

What is the fidelity measure

Answer 20

It is a tool to rate whether or not a treatment session is being done using Ayres SI with fidelity. It is meant for research purposes, but it describes what Ayres SI “is”

Question 21

what are clin obs

Answer 21

These are a set of specific clinical observations originally designed by Ayres, to help understand a child’s ability to process tactile, prop, and vestibular input primarily but also visual (visual screening)

Question 22

the clin ob- prone extension is a measure of

Answer 22

vestibular functioning AND ability to maintain posture against gravity

Question 23

the clin ob - sequential finger touching is a measure of

Answer 23

somatosensory processing (and even more so if you do it with vision occluded)

Question 24

positive reinforcement is ____________

Answer 24

a behavioral strategy whereby a child is rewarded for doing something