Types of stem cell transplant Flashcards
Autollogous
Uses patients own blood cells
Allogenic
any transplant in which stem cells come from a donor
Types of donor
Syngenic - identical twins Allogenic sibling - HLA Haplotypes identical - half matched family member Volunteer- unrelated donor (VUD) Umbillical cord
Autologous
patients receive G-CSF +/- chemotherapy to make SC leave BM so they can be collected from blood
Main indication of autologus transplant
Lymphoma
Allogenic
Uses peripheral blood SC, BM or umbillical cord from host to patient
may be full “myeloablative or reduced intensity “mini” transplant
Main indication of allogenic
acute and chronic leukaemia
GVs host disease
Patients immune system recognises hosts body as foregin
Acute vs host
- within the first 100 days
chronic vs host
-after first 100 days
Graft vs leukaemic
some cells that cause GVHD attack the remaining leukaemic cells
Volunteer unrelated donor
match not blood related
Myeloalblative regimen
line (hickman) put in (through front of chest and feeds into heart vessles)
Conditioning therapy - total body irration and chemo at a high dose
BMT- convert to donors immune system
Blood cord transplant
Blood stem cells are collected from umbilical cord and placenta
Not the baby!
Cells are tissue typed and frozen in liquid nitrogen in cord blood banks for future use
Advantages:
More rapidly available than VUD
Less rigorous matching to patient type of patient as immune system naive
Disadvantages:
Small amount – adults will often require double cord transplant
Slower engraftment
If relapse, cannot go back for DLI
Mini-transplant
Condition
-low dose chemo
BMT (mixed patient chimera of donor and host cells)
Donor lymphocytes - convert fully to donor cells
