Types of Pulm Edema

Question 1

Hemodynamic pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or hydrostatic)

mechanism

Answer 1

Microvascular pressure exceeds 25-30 mmHg (normal is 5-10 mmHg)

Manifests within minutes

Question 2

Hemodynamic pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or hydrostatic)

causes

Answer 2

1) Left heart failure
2) Mitral valve disease
3) Congenital heart disease
4) Renal Failure

Question 3

Hemodynamic pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or hydrostatic)

symptoms/signs

Answer 3

Dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, hypoxemia

Enlarged heart and pulmonary vessels

Increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

HF symptoms and EKG changes

Kerly B lines (engorged lymphatics)

Question 4

Hemodynamic pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or hydrostatic)

treatment

Answer 4

diuretics

Question 5

Permeability pulmonary edema (non-cardiogenic)

mechanism

Answer 5

Widespread injury to the microvasculature changes σ in the Starling equation to near zero and water/protein leak into the adjacent interstitium

Question 6

Permeability pulmonary edema (non-cardiogenic)

causes

Answer 6

Trauma, sepsis, inhalation of toxic gases, aspiration, amniotic fluid aspiration, fat embolism, transfusions

Question 7

Permeability pulmonary edema (non-cardiogenic)

symptoms and signs

Answer 7

Flooding leads to decreased lung compliance, dyspnea, hypoxemia and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (

Question 8

Permeability pulmonary edema (non-cardiogenic)

treatment

Answer 8

supportive care

ventilation