Types Of Protists

Question 1

What are the 4 groups of Protists

Answer 1

Excavata, Archaeplastida, SAR, Unikonta

Question 2

What are the 3 monophyletic groups of Excavata?

Answer 2

Diplomonads, Parabasalids, Euglenozoans

Question 3

4 characteristics of Diplomonads

Answer 3

-Lack plastids
-Have reduced mitochondria called mitosomes
-Have two equal-sized nuclei -
-Multiple flagella

Question 4

2 characteristics of Parabasalids

Answer 4

-Lack plastids
-Have reduced mitochondria called hydrogenosomes

Question 5

2 characteristics of Euglenozoans

Answer 5

-Have a spiral or crystalline rod inside their flagella
-Includes Kinetoplastids and Euglenids

Question 6

What are the 2 types of Euglenozoans and their characteristics?

Answer 6

Kinetoplastids
-Have single mitochondrion
-Has an organized mass of DNA called a kinetoplast
-Consume prokaryotes
-Some species are parasitic
Euglenids
-Have one or two flagella from pocket at one end

Question 7

What are the 3 major clades in the SAR protist?

Answer 7

Stramenopiles, Alveolates, Rhizarians

Question 8

What are the 3 Stramenopiles?

Answer 8

Diatoms, Golden Algae, Brown Algae

Question 9

What are the 3 Alveolates?

Answer 9

Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, Ciliates

Question 10

What are the 3 Rhizarians?

Answer 10

Radiolarians, Forams, Cercozoans

Question 11

2 characteristics of Diatoms

Answer 11

-Unicellular Algae with a two-part, glass-like wall of silicon dioxide
-Hairy and smooth flagella

Question 12

3 characteristics of Golden Algae

Answer 12

-Hairy and Smooth flagella
-Biflagellated, with both flagella near one end
-Photosynthetic

Question 13

4 characteristics of Brown Algae

Answer 13

-Hairy and Smooth flagella
-Multicellular marine algae
-Have a plantlike structure (rootlike Holdfast, stemlike Stipe, leaflike Blades)
-Alternation of Generations

Question 14

3 characteristics of Dinoflagellates

Answer 14

-Membrane-enclosed sacs (alveoli) beneath plasma membrane
-Have two flagella
-Each cell is reinforced by cellulose plates

Question 15

3 characteristics of Apicomplexans

Answer 15

-Membrane-enclosed sacs (alveoli) beneath plasma membrane
-Parasites that spread through their hosts as sporozoites
-Life cycles have sexual and asexual stages and require two or more different hosts

Question 16

3 characteristics of Ciliates

Answer 16

-Cilia to move and feed
-Tiny micronuclei and large macronuclei
-Genetic variation results from conjugation (when two exchange haploid micronuclei)

Question 17

2 characteristics of Radiolarians

Answer 17

-Amoebas with threadlike pseudopodia
-Pseudopodia reinforced by micro United

Question 18

2 characteristics of Forams

Answer 18

-Amoebas with threadlike pseudopodia
-Porous shells called tests

Question 19

2 characteristics of Cercozoans

Answer 19

-Amoebas with threadlike pseudopodia
-Heterotrophs

Question 20

What are the 2 main groups of Archaeplastida?

Answer 20

-Red Algae
-Green Algae

Question 21

2 Characteristics of Red Algae

Answer 21

-Phycoerythrin (photosynthetic pigment)
-Multicellular

Question 22

What are the 2 types of Green Algae and their characteristics?

Answer 22

Charophytes
-Plant-type chloroplasts
-Most closely related to plants
Chlorophytes
-Plant-type chloroplasts
-Complex life cycles with both sexual and asexual stages

Question 23

What is the major clade in Unikonta?

Answer 23

Amoebozoans

Question 24

What are the 3 types of Amoebozoans

Answer 24

-Slime Molds
-Tubulinids
-Entamoebas

Question 25

What are the 2 types of Slime Molds and their characteristics?

Answer 25

Plasmodial Slime Mold
-Undivided by plasma membrane
-Many diploid nuclei
Cellular Slime Mold
-Form multicellular aggregates
-Can form fruiting bodies

Question 26

Characteristic of Amoebozoans

Answer 26

-Amoebas with lobe-shaped or tube-shaped pseudopodia