Types Of Protists Flashcards
What are the 4 groups of Protists
Excavata, Archaeplastida, SAR, Unikonta
What are the 3 monophyletic groups of Excavata?
Diplomonads, Parabasalids, Euglenozoans
4 characteristics of Diplomonads
-Lack plastids
-Have reduced mitochondria called mitosomes
-Have two equal-sized nuclei -
-Multiple flagella
2 characteristics of Parabasalids
-Lack plastids
-Have reduced mitochondria called hydrogenosomes
2 characteristics of Euglenozoans
-Have a spiral or crystalline rod inside their flagella
-Includes Kinetoplastids and Euglenids
What are the 2 types of Euglenozoans and their characteristics?
Kinetoplastids
-Have single mitochondrion
-Has an organized mass of DNA called a kinetoplast
-Consume prokaryotes
-Some species are parasitic
Euglenids
-Have one or two flagella from pocket at one end
What are the 3 major clades in the SAR protist?
Stramenopiles, Alveolates, Rhizarians
What are the 3 Stramenopiles?
Diatoms, Golden Algae, Brown Algae
What are the 3 Alveolates?
Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, Ciliates
What are the 3 Rhizarians?
Radiolarians, Forams, Cercozoans
2 characteristics of Diatoms
-Unicellular Algae with a two-part, glass-like wall of silicon dioxide
-Hairy and smooth flagella
3 characteristics of Golden Algae
-Hairy and Smooth flagella
-Biflagellated, with both flagella near one end
-Photosynthetic
4 characteristics of Brown Algae
-Hairy and Smooth flagella
-Multicellular marine algae
-Have a plantlike structure (rootlike Holdfast, stemlike Stipe, leaflike Blades)
-Alternation of Generations
3 characteristics of Dinoflagellates
-Membrane-enclosed sacs (alveoli) beneath plasma membrane
-Have two flagella
-Each cell is reinforced by cellulose plates
3 characteristics of Apicomplexans
-Membrane-enclosed sacs (alveoli) beneath plasma membrane
-Parasites that spread through their hosts as sporozoites
-Life cycles have sexual and asexual stages and require two or more different hosts
3 characteristics of Ciliates
-Cilia to move and feed
-Tiny micronuclei and large macronuclei
-Genetic variation results from conjugation (when two exchange haploid micronuclei)
2 characteristics of Radiolarians
-Amoebas with threadlike pseudopodia
-Pseudopodia reinforced by micro United
2 characteristics of Forams
-Amoebas with threadlike pseudopodia
-Porous shells called tests
2 characteristics of Cercozoans
-Amoebas with threadlike pseudopodia
-Heterotrophs
What are the 2 main groups of Archaeplastida?
-Red Algae
-Green Algae
2 Characteristics of Red Algae
-Phycoerythrin (photosynthetic pigment)
-Multicellular
What are the 2 types of Green Algae and their characteristics?
Charophytes
-Plant-type chloroplasts
-Most closely related to plants
Chlorophytes
-Plant-type chloroplasts
-Complex life cycles with both sexual and asexual stages
What is the major clade in Unikonta?
Amoebozoans
What are the 3 types of Amoebozoans
-Slime Molds
-Tubulinids
-Entamoebas
What are the 2 types of Slime Molds and their characteristics?
Plasmodial Slime Mold
-Undivided by plasma membrane
-Many diploid nuclei
Cellular Slime Mold
-Form multicellular aggregates
-Can form fruiting bodies
Characteristic of Amoebozoans
-Amoebas with lobe-shaped or tube-shaped pseudopodia
