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psychology: memory > types of LTM > Flashcards

types of LTM Flashcards

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1
Q

what is episodic memory?

A

record of daily happenings/past events
(like an ‘episode’ of our lives)

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2
Q

give an example of an episodic memory

A

most recent trip to the dentist
12th birthday party
breakfast you ate this morning etc.

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3
Q

true or false?
episodic memory is declarative

A

true

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4
Q

what is semantic memory?

A

collection of facts, knowledge, information
combination of dictionary/encyclopedia

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5
Q

give an example of a semantic memory

A

taste of an orange
france is in europe etc

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6
Q

is semantic memory declarative or non-declarative?

A

declarative

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7
Q

what is procedural memory?

A

memory for actions/skills + how we do things

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8
Q

give an example of a procedural memory

A

driving a car
riding a bike etc.

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9
Q

true or false?
procedural memory is non-declarative

A

true

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10
Q

define ‘declarative memory’

A

memories that can be consciously recalled (episodic + semantic)

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11
Q

define ‘non-declarative memory’

A

memories that aren’t consciously recalled (procedural)

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12
Q

name 2 strengths

A

real world application
clinical evidence

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13
Q

name a limitation

A

conflicting neuroimaging evidence

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14
Q

how does HM support clinical evidence for separate LTM stores?

A

he couldn’t recall stroking a dog (episodic) but didn’t need the concept of ‘dog’ explained to him (semantic)

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15
Q

how does Clive Wearing support clinical evidence for separate LTM stores?

A

his episodic memories were severely damaged but he still knew how to read music + play piano (procedural)

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16
Q

describe a counterpoint for clinical evidence

A

brain injuries of patients are usually unexpected, so researcher had no way of controlling what happened before/during injury (lack control of variables).
also have no prior knowledge of individual’s memory before damage

17
Q

what did Belleville et al. (2006) research?

A

devised an intervention to improve episodic memories in older people + trained participants performed better on an episodic memory test than a control group

18
Q

how does distinguishing between LTM types benefit memory treatments?

A

specific memory treatments can be made for each LTM type

19
Q

what evidence did Buckner + Peterson review?

A

evidence regarding location of semantic + episodic memory

20
Q

how does Buckner + Peterson’s research link to conflicting neuroimaging evidence?

A

they concluded that semantic memory is located in the left prefrontal cortex + episodic memory is located in the right prefrontal cortex.
however, other research links the left PFC with encoding of episodic memories + right PFC with episodic retrieval

psychology: memory (9 decks)

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