Types of long-term memory Flashcards
What are the two types of long term memory?
- Declaritive memory
- Procedural memory
What is declaritive memory devided in to?
- Episodic memory
- Semantic memory
What is episodic memory?
Episodic memory is the memory of an event or a group of events and is concerned with personal experiance. You tend to recall the emotions at the time and the context of the environment.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6FGM3pd-A8
What is an example of episodic memory?
Remembering your first day at school
Describe research evidence for episodic memory
Milner, in 1962, concluded a case study on HM. He found that HM was able to learn a new skill and retain it over a number of dase (which is your procedual memory). However, he could not recall ever doing the task before (which is eisodic memory). This is evidence that these two types of memory are seperate forms of long-term memory.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y0Od5DrdPA4
What is semantic memory?
Semantic memory is memory of general information that is shared by everyone.
Semantic memories usually begin as episodic memories because we aquire knowledge based of personal experiances. The information changes into semantic as the person forgets where they learn’t the information.
Describe the research evidence for semantic memory
Vicari et al (2007) conducted a case study of CL. She was an 8 year old girl who suffered brain damage due to the removal of a tumour when she was 4. As a result CL had deficiencies in her episodic memories. However she was still able to create and recall symantic memories.
This supports the theory that symantic memory and episodic memory are both seperate storesin LTM.
What is procedual memory?
Procedual memory is knowing skills (i.e how to do something). We do not remember how or when we learnt the skill, but we know how to do the skill.
Procedual skills are usually required through repitiion and practice. These memories then become implicit (we are less aware of these memories). This allows us to focus our attention elsewhere.
Give an example of semantic memory
Knowing how to read.
Describe the research evidence for procedual memory
Finke et al (2012) conducted a case study on PM. PM was a proffesional cellist who suffered brain damage which resulted in severe amnesia. His episodic and semantic memories were impaired. However he was able to read and play music. This illustrates that procedual memory is a seperate part of LTM.
Give an example of semantic memory
15+4=19
