Types Of Long Term Memory

Question 1

Intro

Answer 1

LTM decided into two main types: declarative (episodic and semantic) or procedural

Question 2

Episodic memory

Answer 2

Memory concerned with your persona experience:
may recall tie and place and who was there
May remember context, what happened after an before
May recall associated emotions

Question 3

Semantic memory

Answer 3

Knowledge about the world which is shared by everyone rather than something personal (functions of objects, maths, language, appropriate behaviours )
Comes from episodic memory but gradually turn semantic when memory slowly looses association to events
Some people may have a strong recollection of when and where they learnt particular fact

Question 4

Procedural memory

Answer 4

Concerned with skill (riding a bike, tying shoelaces)
Remember how to do something rather than knowing rules of what to do
Typically required through repetition and practice
Less aware of these memories because they become automatic
If you think about procedural memory too much it reverts you from acting it out (step-by-step distrusts automatic task)

Question 5

A03 - strength - brain scans

Answer 5

P - using brain scans to see when different parts of brain is active
E - episodic memory is associated with hippocampus, temple lobe, frontal lobe. Semantic memory linked with temple lobe, procedural memory linked to celebellum
E - good as it suppers that there are different types of LTM - scientific

Question 6

A03 - limitation - episodic and semantic memory

Answer 6

P - episodic and semantic memory are not separate
E - episodic just a gateway to semantic (can’t have one without the other). Hodge & Patterson - patients with Alzheimer’s can retain ability to form new episodic memories but not semantic ones
E - research suggests that there is not enough to show there’s a distinct difference
Cp - however other research suggest patients with Alzheimer’s had reverse - poor semantic memories but intact episodic memory - maybe a gateway but it possible for semantic to form separately.

Question 7

Ao3 - strength - distinguishing procedural and decorative memories

Answer 7

P - there is a difference between procedural and declarative - case study HM ability to form new LTM was effected by distraction of hippocampus but retained pre-existing LTM
E - after surgery he could still form procedural memories but not episodic or semantic (able to earn how to perform skill, mirror drawing, but could not remember that he had learnt this
E - shows that there is a difference - useful to look at damaged memories but hard to control variables of studies