types of long - term memory

Question 1

define episodic memory

Answer 1

a long term memory store for personal events - includes memories of when the events occurred and of the ppl, objects, places and behaviors involved

Question 2

define semantic memory

Answer 2

a long term memory store for our knowledge of the world - includes facts and our knowledge of what words and concepts mean

Question 3

define procedural memory

Answer 3

a long term memory store for our knowledge how to do things - includes our memories of learned skills

Question 4

who was the first cognitive psychologist to realise the MSM was too specific and inflexible?

Answer 4

Endel Tulving (1985)

Question 5

evaluation - what do clinical evidence do types of LTM ? - strength

Answer 5

P - famous case studies of HM and Clive Wearing
E - episodic memory was severely impaired both
- semantic memory was relatively unaffected
- they still understood the meaning of words
- both knew how to walk and sleep
E - supports, one store can be damaged but other stored were unaffected
L - increases validity

Question 6

evaluation - what does conflicting neuroimaging evidence do to types of LTM ? - limitation

Answer 6

P - conflicting evidence
E - Buckner & Peterson reviews evidence and concluded that semantic memory is located on the left side of the prefrontal cortex and episodic memory on the right
E - other research links the left prefrontal cortex with encoding and episodic memories and the right with episodic and retrieval
L - challenges any neurophysiological evidence to support types of memory as there is poor agreement on where each type might be located

Question 7

evaluation - what does real world application do for types of long term memory? -strength

Answer 7

P - allows psychologists to help people with memory loss
E - old people will forget things, but this is usually episodic memory
- new memories are hard to remember but old memories remain intact
- Belleville devised an intervention to improve episodic memories in older people
- trained participants performed better on a test of episodic memory than a control group
E - shows that distinguishing between types of LTM enables specific treatments to be developed
L - has ecological validity